As EU regulators found out, nine companies artificially kept memory prices at the required level between July 1, 1998 and June 15, 2002. According to the court decision were fined:
Samsung - 145.7 million euros
Infineon - 56.7 million
Hynix Semiconductor - 51.5
Hitachi - by 20.4
Toshiba - by 17.6
Mitsubishi Electric - by 16.6
NEC - by 10.3
and Nanya Technology - by 1.8 million euros.
The value of the fine is in direct proportion to the role that the company played in the "conspiracy." Interestingly, the fact of the scandalous collusion came to light, thanks to Micron, which is also a manufacturer of DRAM chips, but managed to “surrender.” In 2002, Micron voluntarily disclosed the details of the conspiracy, and therefore was not fined.
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europa.eu