Energy in the data center
Today's post we will devote to the features of the organization of power supply of the data center. Viewed from the outside, all power systems are alike and have a lot in common. But the devil, as usual, is in the details, so looking at the specific implementation of a particular system will never be superfluous.
Next is a story about our power supply system and a lot of photos.
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Electricity comes to the data center through four inputs from two independent substations with a total capacity of 5630 kVA. Such complexity is required to provide power redundancy in case of unforeseen situations or accidents. This practice is very expensive, but a serious data center cannot be built without redundant power.
The cables are connected directly to the four automatic transfer switch boards (ATS). They also connected three diesel-generator FG Wilson with a capacity of 2 MW each. This ensures uninterrupted power supply.
From ABP boards, electricity through the switchboard of the uninterruptible power supply system comes to battery uninterruptible power supplies. Our UPS production of the distinguished company AEG Power Supply Systems are transformer. Today, there is already a more advanced thyristor UPS technology, but they are more sensitive to temperature and humidity conditions of operation. Due to the fact that transformer UPSs showed themselves from a good side during many years of practice, we decided to select them for reasons of increasing reliability. Passing through transformers, electricity is filtered and stabilized, high-frequency harmonics and noise are removed from it, resulting in an almost pure sinusoid at the output. After repeated transformation from AC to DC and back, electricity acquires parameters that meet the high power requirements of precision high-performance equipment.
In the event of a failure in the main power supply at the time of launching the diesel generator sets, servers, telecommunications equipment and emergency systems are powered by battery-powered UPSs. Power systems are powered (chillers, air conditioners, general lighting and other systems) from diesel UPS. After the diesel UPS comes to the required load level, all data center systems are powered from diesel UPS.
The UPS battery system includes about 800 batteries, and their total weight reaches 20 tons. Batteries are distributed in four metal racks. The capacity is evenly distributed between 11 UPSs, and is sufficient to ensure the smooth operation of servers and telecommunications equipment at full load for 15 minutes. This time several times overlaps the necessary to start diesel generator sets and their output to the workload.
Inside the hermetic zone, the task of distributing the power supply is assigned to the switchboards. They - the last frontier before the direct supply of power in the rack. Each rack is powered by two cables, this is one of the requirements for redundant power supply.
The panels of the automatic input reserve (ATS) cabinets have a logic circuit controlling the voltage parameters in the network, completeness and sequence of phases, as well as a strictly specified voltage range. In case of deviation from the specified parameters, the power supply of the data center is transferred to battery and diesel UPSs.
In terms of operation, the system is unpretentious. Once launched, it requires annual measurements and tests, including rubbing the contacts with alcohol and other favorite personnel activities (joke). The system architecture is such that any work, including repairs, can be carried out without any interruption in the operation of equipment and auxiliary systems of the data center.
Next are photos of system elements. We hope they will be more interesting than a dry text.
The control panel of the UPS cabinet. Visible load level and battery life (75 minutes).
Battery rack. Battery weight - 5 (five) tons.
Distribution cabinets UPS.
Fuses cabinet work parallel. Please note, each is designed for a current of 800 Amps (this is a lot).
Switches of the switchboard of the uninterrupted power supply system.
A payment of unknown purpose, just beautiful.
UPS power distribution cables. Beautiful.
Cabinet switches with battery fuses. Impressive.
And these are the fuses themselves. No less impressive.
Instruments for control cabinet power supply. Visible level of operating current on the phases and voltage.
Circuit breakers for power management cabinets. Those that are designed for a current of 1600 Amps serve the server and telecommunications equipment, and the more powerful ones for 2,500 Amps carry the power load (chillers, air conditioners, work lights, etc.).
View of the control cabinet in full.
"Brain" power distribution board.
Power switchboard switch. "Modest" 1600 Ampere.
The contents of the cabinet automation. TAC Xenta components monitor the operation of air conditioners, chillers and other power systems.
Boards and switches: ventilation and smoke removal, own needs, emergency lighting and working lighting.
Next is a story about our power supply system and a lot of photos.
')
Electricity comes to the data center through four inputs from two independent substations with a total capacity of 5630 kVA. Such complexity is required to provide power redundancy in case of unforeseen situations or accidents. This practice is very expensive, but a serious data center cannot be built without redundant power.
The cables are connected directly to the four automatic transfer switch boards (ATS). They also connected three diesel-generator FG Wilson with a capacity of 2 MW each. This ensures uninterrupted power supply.
From ABP boards, electricity through the switchboard of the uninterruptible power supply system comes to battery uninterruptible power supplies. Our UPS production of the distinguished company AEG Power Supply Systems are transformer. Today, there is already a more advanced thyristor UPS technology, but they are more sensitive to temperature and humidity conditions of operation. Due to the fact that transformer UPSs showed themselves from a good side during many years of practice, we decided to select them for reasons of increasing reliability. Passing through transformers, electricity is filtered and stabilized, high-frequency harmonics and noise are removed from it, resulting in an almost pure sinusoid at the output. After repeated transformation from AC to DC and back, electricity acquires parameters that meet the high power requirements of precision high-performance equipment.
In the event of a failure in the main power supply at the time of launching the diesel generator sets, servers, telecommunications equipment and emergency systems are powered by battery-powered UPSs. Power systems are powered (chillers, air conditioners, general lighting and other systems) from diesel UPS. After the diesel UPS comes to the required load level, all data center systems are powered from diesel UPS.
The UPS battery system includes about 800 batteries, and their total weight reaches 20 tons. Batteries are distributed in four metal racks. The capacity is evenly distributed between 11 UPSs, and is sufficient to ensure the smooth operation of servers and telecommunications equipment at full load for 15 minutes. This time several times overlaps the necessary to start diesel generator sets and their output to the workload.
Inside the hermetic zone, the task of distributing the power supply is assigned to the switchboards. They - the last frontier before the direct supply of power in the rack. Each rack is powered by two cables, this is one of the requirements for redundant power supply.
The panels of the automatic input reserve (ATS) cabinets have a logic circuit controlling the voltage parameters in the network, completeness and sequence of phases, as well as a strictly specified voltage range. In case of deviation from the specified parameters, the power supply of the data center is transferred to battery and diesel UPSs.
In terms of operation, the system is unpretentious. Once launched, it requires annual measurements and tests, including rubbing the contacts with alcohol and other favorite personnel activities (joke). The system architecture is such that any work, including repairs, can be carried out without any interruption in the operation of equipment and auxiliary systems of the data center.
Next are photos of system elements. We hope they will be more interesting than a dry text.
The control panel of the UPS cabinet. Visible load level and battery life (75 minutes).
Battery rack. Battery weight - 5 (five) tons.
Distribution cabinets UPS.
Fuses cabinet work parallel. Please note, each is designed for a current of 800 Amps (this is a lot).
Switches of the switchboard of the uninterrupted power supply system.
A payment of unknown purpose, just beautiful.
UPS power distribution cables. Beautiful.
Cabinet switches with battery fuses. Impressive.
And these are the fuses themselves. No less impressive.
Instruments for control cabinet power supply. Visible level of operating current on the phases and voltage.
Circuit breakers for power management cabinets. Those that are designed for a current of 1600 Amps serve the server and telecommunications equipment, and the more powerful ones for 2,500 Amps carry the power load (chillers, air conditioners, work lights, etc.).
View of the control cabinet in full.
"Brain" power distribution board.
Power switchboard switch. "Modest" 1600 Ampere.
The contents of the cabinet automation. TAC Xenta components monitor the operation of air conditioners, chillers and other power systems.
Boards and switches: ventilation and smoke removal, own needs, emergency lighting and working lighting.
Source: https://habr.com/ru/post/89765/
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