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Layout hyphens, minuses, dashes and quotes

Questions of the correct placement of hyphens, long and short dashes, minus signs, Christmas quotes and quotes-pads have been repeatedly raised on the Internet and on Habré in particular (see links below). However, as before, undergraduate and graduate students in their coursework and dissertations, dissertations and abstracts do not pay enough attention to typography.

In this note, I present two tables with the basic rules for the placement of the indicated characters and the jabs between them in the layout of texts in the LaTeX system, in which a significant part of qualification works in physical and mathematical specialties is prepared.

In time, similar signs may appear with the rules for placing spaces, punctuation marks and for the design of the text as a whole.
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Hyphens, minuses and dashes


TitleLaTeXHTMLExamples of use (LaTeX)
Hyphen (hyphen)--
  • +7~495~555-55-55
  • -
  • -
  • -, -
  • -, - (more precisely, there should be an inseparable hyphen)
  • -, -
  • -

Short dash (en-dash)--– ALT + 0150Numeric ranges (not broken by spaces):
  • 10--15
  • 1941--1945
  • ~50--60-

Other "ranges" (fought back with thin spaces \, ):
  • \,--\,
  • \,--\,
  • <<\,--\,->>
  • \,--\, .~137--138
  • -\,--\,-


Long dash (em-dash)---&mdash; ALT + 0151Repulsed by spaces (from the previous character - inseparable ~ ):
  • ~---
  • ~.\,., ~.\,. .~--- .: , 1978.

Minus sign$-$&minus; ALT + 8722
  • $3-2=1$
  • ~--- $-273{,}15$



I did not find any generally accepted rules for the use of separators in "other" ranges, "
because the above rules for this case brought for himself, using common
meaning and focusing on modern high-quality book publications (publishing house RHD).


Sources and additional links

  1. S. M. Lvovsky "Set and layout in LaTeX" (Chapter 3. Typing - § 1. Special typographic marks - § 1.1. Hyphens, minuses and dashes)
  2. A. A. Lebedev "Kovodstvo" ( § 158. Short dash )
  3. A. A. Lebedev "Kovodstvo" ( § 97. Dash, minus and hyphen, or features of the Russian typography )
  4. A. A. Lebedev "Manning" ( § 62. Screen typography )
  5. Dashes: Is it just a dash, minus and a hyphen? / Typography / Habrahabr (February 21, 2008)


Quotes


TitleLaTeXHTMLUse (LaTeX)Comment
Christmas quotes<< >>&laquo; &raquo; ALT + 0171 ALT + 0187
  • ~ << >>, ~--- << >>.
  • ~.\,., ~.\,. .~--- 7- .~--- .: - , - <<>>, 2004.
  • << ,~--- .~--- >>.~--- << , ~>>,~--- (.~, .~)
  • <<~ , ?>>~--- <<-,~--- .~--- . , \ldots>> (.~, .~)

  • It is customary to use this type of quotes in Russian texts.
  • A period and a comma are placed after the closing quotation mark, and exclamation and question marks and ellipsis are placed before it
  • By the way, quotes are not part of the so-called " web links "

Quotes- "feet" ("9-9 - 6-6")\glqq \grqq&bdquo; &ldquo; ALT + 0132 ALT + 0147 or ALT + 8222 ALT + 8220
  • << ~ .\,.~ ~.\,.~ \glqq \grqq>>,~--- .

  • In Russian texts, this type of quotation marks is commonly used as internal



Sources and additional links

  1. S. M. Lvovsky “Set and layout in LaTeX” (Chapter 3. Typing - § 1. Special typographic marks - p. 1.2. Quotes)
  2. A. A. Lebedev "Kovodstvo" ( § 143. Punctuation marks in unusual situations )
  3. A. A. Lebedev "Kovodstvo" ( § 104. Quotes )
  4. A. A. Lebedev "Manning" ( § 62. Screen typography )
  5. Strokes, shtrishki and shtrishhochki / Typography / Habrahabr (May 16, 2008)
  6. Making quotes on sites / Typography / Habrahabr (March 22, 2008)


Upd. NeGODnick and monolith habrausers recommend
And a couple of useful links from the same neGODnick :

Source: https://habr.com/ru/post/75662/

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