History of words: Start-up is not a startup
The reaction was inspired by a discussion about the meaning of the term Startup.
I do not argue with the author in any way.
Just point out interested in some of the nuances. In my message I will use whole sentences from scientific texts. But this is the meaning of the message.
')
I forgot the word that I wanted to say
And the ethereal thought will return to the palace of the shadows.
O. E. Mandelstam
The common problem of borrowing elements of one language to others involves a complex
complex issues of a different nature. Including:
- what language phenomenon is considered borrowing;
- mastering the word in the borrowing language and the different sides of this mastering;
- signs of mastering a foreign language word or phraseological unit, which allows to consider it
borrowed;
- etc.
It is customary to distinguish between three types of formal assimilation : phonetic, spelling and
grammatical (morphological).
After formal assimilation (learning vocabulary and
phraseology of foreign origin and its functioning in speech), to include it (assimilation) into the system
language is necessary lexical-semantic assimilation of the designated language unit.
The lexico-semantic development of borrowed vocabulary is
first of all, the development of the borrowed word of word-formation productivity, the ability
to be combined with the words of the original vocabulary and in the composition of phraseological units, various
semantic changes and the acquisition of nationwide use.
Further development of borrowing in the language - word-building productivity and semantic development.
Under the semantic development of borrowed lexical
or a phraseological element (in order of importance) implies:
1. Understanding of a word or phraseologism by a fairly wide range of speakers of a given language.
2. The inclusion of the word in the system of semantic links in the vocabulary of the recipient language.
3. A development of its meaning different from a word or a stable phrase - a prototype.
The meanings of words change - this is a continuous process.
Acad. L.V. Scherba in “The Experience of the General Theory of Lexicography”, speaking of the widespread absence of good historical dictionaries, wrote: or epochs, and it would be indicated not only the emergence of new words and new meanings, but also their death, as well as their modification ... ”.
Sometimes the meaning of a word changes so significantly that it acquires the opposite meaning.
Conclusion.
All of us are witnesses and participants of the development of anglism "Startup". The meaning of the word is expanded and modified. And since in its new meaning it is understood by a fairly wide range of speakers of the Russian language, there will be no reverse trend.
I do not argue with the author in any way.
Just point out interested in some of the nuances. In my message I will use whole sentences from scientific texts. But this is the meaning of the message.
')
I forgot the word that I wanted to say
And the ethereal thought will return to the palace of the shadows.
O. E. Mandelstam
The common problem of borrowing elements of one language to others involves a complex
complex issues of a different nature. Including:
- what language phenomenon is considered borrowing;
- mastering the word in the borrowing language and the different sides of this mastering;
- signs of mastering a foreign language word or phraseological unit, which allows to consider it
borrowed;
- etc.
It is customary to distinguish between three types of formal assimilation : phonetic, spelling and
grammatical (morphological).
After formal assimilation (learning vocabulary and
phraseology of foreign origin and its functioning in speech), to include it (assimilation) into the system
language is necessary lexical-semantic assimilation of the designated language unit.
The lexico-semantic development of borrowed vocabulary is
first of all, the development of the borrowed word of word-formation productivity, the ability
to be combined with the words of the original vocabulary and in the composition of phraseological units, various
semantic changes and the acquisition of nationwide use.
Further development of borrowing in the language - word-building productivity and semantic development.
Under the semantic development of borrowed lexical
or a phraseological element (in order of importance) implies:
1. Understanding of a word or phraseologism by a fairly wide range of speakers of a given language.
2. The inclusion of the word in the system of semantic links in the vocabulary of the recipient language.
3. A development of its meaning different from a word or a stable phrase - a prototype.
The meanings of words change - this is a continuous process.
Acad. L.V. Scherba in “The Experience of the General Theory of Lexicography”, speaking of the widespread absence of good historical dictionaries, wrote: or epochs, and it would be indicated not only the emergence of new words and new meanings, but also their death, as well as their modification ... ”.
Sometimes the meaning of a word changes so significantly that it acquires the opposite meaning.
Conclusion.
All of us are witnesses and participants of the development of anglism "Startup". The meaning of the word is expanded and modified. And since in its new meaning it is understood by a fairly wide range of speakers of the Russian language, there will be no reverse trend.
Source: https://habr.com/ru/post/50767/
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