Iron history. Computer Puldin.

Good day! We all use personal computers, the Internet, various devices and other modern things, without which, in today's society, there is no way. Modern science strides forward by leaps and bounds, and we are no longer surprised by the emergence of more and more advanced technology. In this topic, I would like to share with you the story of creating a computer - Pldin, because everyone should know how the story began, and remember the "iron heroes" who created the history of computer science in Russia.

brief information

Pildin 601 ”is a Bulgarian 8-bit personal computer. It was produced at the DF "Microelectronics" (Botevgrad) and "Plant for sensors and sensor control devices" (ZSSU, Plovdiv) from 1988 to early 1992. All the basic computer software was created in "Software Osiguryavan" - laboratory at Sofia University, as well as in the Russian-Bulgarian company "BIT" (Tomsk). The computer received its name from the city of Plovdiv - until the liberation of Bulgaria from the Turkish yoke, the city was called Puldin.

Models

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Pildin 601 / 601U - has four video modes: 0 - color text 40x25 characters, 1 - 16-color 160x200, 2 - 4-color 320x200, 3 - 2-color 640x200.
Pildin 601A - video mode 4 added - black and white text 80x25 characters; Added printer port.
Pildin 601M - video modes 601A; increased the amount of ROM.
Puldin 601T - processor frequency increased to 2 MHz.

The history of the creation of the computer Puldin

The Bulgarian Telecommunications Company (BTK) in 1987 developed a prototype computer project with a quasi-touch keyboard. It was supposed to use a computer as a data concentrator for measuring equipment operating in a non-cabinet environment. This requirement determined the choice of the keyboard and the potential manufacturer - ZSSU (Factory of sensors and sensor devices) in the city of Plovdiv. Assessing the complexity of the project, BTK refused it.

ZSSU (director Slavey Papachev) turned to the State Committee for Science and Higher Education with a request to help find a partner for the creation of a new Bulgarian computer.

DKNTP communicates SSSU with the NPLP Program Osipuryavane (director Nedyalko Todorov) - a small enterprise established at the end of 1984 within the Sofia University - chronologically the first legal entity - an extra-budgetary enterprise in the system of higher education in Bulgaria.
ZSSU and NIPL "Software Osijuryavane" agreed to jointly develop a computer and system software. The computer was given the name "Pyldin" - the old name of the city of Plovdiv.
For these purposes, both enterprises create the ABACUS Association. The trade name of the new computer is the property of the Association.
ZSSU takes responsibility for constructive and technological design, as well as for the production of a computer. The project team is managed by director Slave Papachev. The leading specialists in the group are engineers Georgi Ginev, Ventsislav Gatev, Svetlozar Peychinov, Spas Georgiev.
The first model “Pyldin 601” was created at a rapid pace. The computer is designed to meet the requirements of the two main areas of application - the learning process and control devices and mechanisms. To ensure a broader market, it was decided to use an interface similar to MS DOS products and ensure file compatibility with these products.
Production and export to the USSR began in 1989. In order to provide the PYLDIN computer with application software products that meet the requirements of the Soviet market, the NPLP Program Osipuryavane establishes the TRIADA Joint Venture. The development of applied software products for educational and industrial purposes is concentrated in the Small State Enterprise KC-BIT, specially created in Tomsk. In the period from 1988 to 1992, more than 35,000 PYLDIN computers of various models were manufactured and exported to the USSR. At the beginning of 1992, the NPLP “Osnoguryavane Software” began preparing a project to create a 16-bit PYLDIN model. Computer production and development of the project as a whole was discontinued in 1992 due to the termination of clearing payments between Bulgaria and the USSR.

Püldin Characteristics

Video display:

Brand - VMM 3107.
Power consumption - not more than 35 watts.
Overall dimensions - 340x270x346 mm.
Weight - 8.9 kg.
Video input for a complex positive video signal.
Brand kinescope (CRT): M31-31 CH, produced by the NRP.
Email angle beam - 110 °.
Diagonal - 31 cm.
Image size - 180x120 mm.
The phosphor is green, with an afterglow from 10 ms to 10 ms.
Frame scanning frequency - 50 or 60 Hz, lower case - 15750 + 500 Hz.

Drive:

Power consumption - 32 watts.
Overall dimensions - 320x160x110 mm.
Weight - 5 kg.
Diskette rotation speed - 5 s-1.
The nominal data exchange rate is 250 Kbps.
The recording format is MFM, 1 or 2 sides, 40 tracks (180 or 360 Kb).
The interface is an IBM type.
Information medium - GMI, 133 mm (5.25 ") of type EU 5287 or equivalent

Printer:

The brand of the printer is “Bultext 200” (there are also models “Bultext 200S” and “Bultext 200C”).
Producers - JV “Peripheral equipment” - Plovdiv, “Plant for printing devices” - Asenovgrad.
Power consumption - not more than 160 watts.
Overall dimensions - no more than 650x390x220 mm.
Weight - 19 kg.
Connection via parallel interface (Centronics standard).
The speed of information exchange with a serial interface: 9600, 4800, 2400, 1200, 300, 110 b / s.
Print speed: Under normal printing mode and 7x9 matrix - 200 characters / s. With a 14x9 matrix or in the advanced mode - 100 characters / s. With a 7x9 matrix and in double-impressed printing mode (“NLQ”) - 40 characters / s.
Memory buffer size: 3400 + 50 bytes.

Standard software:

Operating system UniDOS, file-compatible with MS-DOS.
Basic software UniBIOS, providing all technical devices, graphical and musical interface.
The MONITOR system program (it is “wired” in UniBIOS).
Translator and interpreter UniPASCAL language Pascal.
The interpreter of the BASIC language (analogue of GW-BASIC).
UniED text screen editor.
UniASM assembler and UniCROSS cross-assembler.
DBMS UniBASE, compatible with the product dBASE II for IBM PC.
Specialized products.
Communication tools (for example, a ULAN network).
Programs for training and games.

General form: