How to encrypt an image with more information than just the image itself?
In the raster image, the minimum part is a pixel, there is nothing less than a pixel.
Everyone knows about it, it is necessary and use it. Since we cannot reduce the pixel, we will increase it.
When viewing large images on a computer, the programs reduce them to fit the screen, so having made the pixels more, we will not notice any special changes during viewing, only a slight deterioration in quality.
Here is our original image:

Here is the image after increasing the pixels:

Here with the added information on top:

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And the actual information itself with an increase in viewing:

Where you can apply - think for yourself :-)
UPD
- Regarding the size of the original and the resulting image:
The original image is 952KB, with an increase in pixels (and I increased the pixels, not the image) and transferring it to PNG format, the size was 868 KB, and with a “code” of 1MB.