Geekly Articles each Day
📜 ⬆️ ⬇️

Branches of Hell: Cloud Control of Illegal Dumps and Dangerous Polygons

image
Drakaris! ( Landfill MSW )

“Garbage collapse”, “landfill riot”, “branches of hell” ... Vivid epithets accompany the greatest environmental safety problem in the European part of Russia.

For years, "private traders" were responsible for the disposal of the capital's garbage. Under the contracts, garbage operators had to not only take out, but also recycle waste. However, the second point of the plan remained on paper.
')
From the middle of the last century, garbage was taken out and stored in landfills near Moscow, which radically did not suit the residents of the region. Landfill gas flows gradually began to cover residential areas.

In March 2018, the release of gas from the “Yadrovo” landfill covered Volokolamsk: dozens of people, including 76 children, applied for medical help due to deterioration of health.

The authorities closed several landfills for household waste, and the garbage trucks with Moscow numbers went further - to the Yaroslavl, Nizhny Novgorod and Arkhangelsk regions. Needless to say, what do residents of the regions think about this?

"In the end, there will be only garbage dumps, among which we will live."


image
On landfills occur ignition, leading to emissions of dioxins, heavy metals and other toxic substances into the atmosphere. A source

The smell of burning waste is caused by methyl mercaptan - a flammable poisonous gas that depresses the human nervous system. According to current standards, the permissible concentration of this substance is 1.5-3 times higher than the human perception odor threshold.

From 1999 to 2017, the Rospotrebnadzor weakened the standard for the maximum permissible concentration of methyl mercaptan 660 times. The supervisor explains these changes with some research results, but refuses to publish them.

The regulations have been mitigated for other air pollutants, such as formaldehyde and nitrogen dioxide. As a result, statistics show that fewer cities are at risk of pollution.

However, the deadly power of poisons alone on paper does not reduce. Phenol, formaldehyde, methyl mercaptan - toxic substances, constant inhalation of which destroys the body.

Another serious factor of damage from landfills is not immediately noticeable. The mountain of garbage without processing quickly begins to release toxic substances into the soil. Infected groundwater and water bodies.

image Real-time monitoring


image
"From the White Sea to the Black Hole". 2018. Black hole. Screenshot from Pavel Otdelnova movie. A source
The unorganized dumping of industrial waste “Black Hole” in Dzerzhinsk, the storage facility for toxic liquid waste “The White Sea”, as well as the largest in Europe “Igumnovo” landfill are miniature Chernobyls that nobody has paid attention to for years.

The solution to the problem is obvious - you need to build several hundred waste processing plants across the country. The price of the issue is hundreds of billions.

There are no deadlines for the implementation of the project, but we still need to live to see a beautiful future. Another way is to control the implementation of long-existing regulatory documents on existing landfills. Control through video surveillance.

Owners of some landfills individually install video surveillance. With the help of cameras, you can follow the progress of measures to eliminate accumulated environmental damage. Video surveillance allows you to assess the integrity of the work, including foreign experts. Video monitoring also helps to avoid abuses by the contractor in terms of recycling.

Thus, the Ministry of Transport and Road Infrastructure of the Moscow Region installed a camera to fix and restrict the entry of garbage trucks entering the notorious “Yadrovo” landfill.

To combat natural waste dumps in the Moscow region, road cameras are fitted that must record the release of garbage, pollution of parking areas, washing in the wrong place, and draining of technical fluids.

At the end of last year, the Minister of Natural Resources and Ecology of Russia, Dmitry Kobylkin, instructed to create a video monitoring system for works to eliminate the accumulated environmental damage at the country's largest dumps.

Now on the three most problematic garbage sites through the cloud video surveillance service Ivideon cameras work. For everyone who is not indifferent to the surrounding nature and environmental safety, the links below are broadcast around the clock.

"Black hole"


image
A source

Illegal dumping of liquid chemical waste that entered the Guinness Book of Records as the most polluted reservoir in the world. Sediments poisoned by chemical production for decades seeped into the ground, spreading with groundwater.


"Igumnovo"


image
A source

The Igumnovo Nizhny Novgorod Solid Waste Landfill covers an area of ​​more than 100 hectares, where the height of the “garbage mountains” exceeds 40 meters. Since the beginning of the 2000s, poisonous biogas has been burning in the middle of the waste stratum.


"White Sea"


image
"From the White Sea to the Black Hole". 2018. White Sea. Screenshot from Pavel Otdelnova movie. A source

The landfill originated as part of a military-chemical plant, which produced chemical warfare agents - mustard, lewisite, phosgene and chloroacetophenone. Later, the company redeployed to produce liquid chlorine, hydrochloric acid, phenol and other hazardous chemicals. For four decades, the production wastes were uncontrolled poured onto the site near the plant.


The recording of work on landfills is stored in the Ivideon cloud - this information cannot be destroyed, distorted, stolen.

Public control of separate waste collection


image
A source

Dump - the final route of travel of any waste, but the problem occurs much earlier than the plastic cup is in the middle of the field of illegally stored waste.

There is no separate collection and recycling of garbage in the country, which makes a significant contribution to the extent of environmental damage. One of the ways to automate the process of emission and collection of waste is video surveillance.

The cameras in the garbage disposal provide objective information about those who take out the garbage not in their container. The head of the Ministry of Environment confirmed that after the introduction of a separate collection of waste to monitor the tenants, the camera will be installed immediately in the trash.

Previously, carriers were limited to GPS and sensors of the tipping mechanism of containers on garbage trucks. This method is unreliable and limited to only one stage of the long process of processing.

The camera records compliance with recycling standards at all stages: the volume of waste, the number of garbage trucks, the process of unloading garbage.

Conclusion


image

From activists who independently install cameras before entering an illegal landfill, to the owner of a recycling plant with a capacity of 350 thousand tons of waste per year — everywhere video surveillance remains the main source of data. Video collection is especially effective for controlling hazardous production, calculating the budget for waste disposal, making decisions on the development of regional environmental programs.

Secure cloud control is a public control tool with the option of thousands of simultaneous connections to any broadcast. The cloud is an order of magnitude ahead of the possibilities of local video surveillance in the speed of working with the archive and the stability of the channel when a large number of users are connected. It is these factors that determined the choice of Ivideon service to control the reclamation of the largest polygons in Russia.

Source: https://habr.com/ru/post/454154/

More articles:


All Articles