American neuroscientists have published the results of a study of the aging process of the neurons of the human brain. They found out at what age the inevitable degradation of nerve cells begins, as well as how
axons lose their protective coating from
myelin . It begins, on average, at the age of 39 years. Someone earlier, someone later. It is at this age that the body gradually loses the ability to regenerate myelin, and the axons gradually lose their functionality, and the loss of myelin is accelerated in geometrical proportion with time (U-shaped curve).

Scientists have suggested that it is myelin that is responsible for the quality of the brain. The results of the study were tested on a group of men aged 23 to 80 years old, for whom the speed of a simple motor task was measured (wiggling with the index finger on the hand at a maximum speed for 10 seconds, which, as neurobiologists know, causes a giant leap in neural network activity and this is immediately visible when scanning the frontal part of the brain), and right after the test, the level of myelin was tested for each experimental subject. As scientists supposed, a clear correlation was found between the level of myelin and the efficiency of the entire neural network - both of which reach a peak in middle age.
True, scientists continue to argue about whether one really influences the other (if so, you can start experimenting with
doping for the brain of a new generation), or both processes have some common, other reason. One way or another, but the fact is that at 39 years old, the man’s brain works most efficiently.
')
Unfortunately, women for some reason were not in the experimental group, and therefore it is not entirely clear whether the same laws apply to them. Perhaps the peak of brain activity in women is at a different age.
Help from Wikipedia : The neuron consists of a body with a diameter of 3 to 100 microns and processes. Allocate two types of shoots. Axon is a long process adapted to conduct excitation from the body of a neuron. Dendrites - as a rule, short and highly branched processes, which serve as the main site of formation of excitatory and inhibitory synapses affecting a neuron (different neurons have a different ratio of the length of the axon and dendrites). A neuron can have several dendrites and usually only one axon. One neuron can have connections with up to 20 thousand other neurons.
via
UCLA Newsroom