How fast does ExoMars fly to Mars?
On March 14, the Trace Gas Orbiter orbiter and the Schiaparelli landing module on the Proton-M launch vehicle with the Briz-M upper stage went to space from the Baikonur cosmodrome.
In March, a Facebook user asked the European Space Agency how fast ExoMars was flying to Mars. People who run the Agency’s social networks could not immediately answer this question. Therefore, they attracted a specialist - Frank Budnik from the team of navigators.
Here is the question:
And the answer is under habrakat.
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An interplanetary flight from Earth to any other planet - in this case, to Mars - is inconceivable from the point of view of flying in a straight line at cruising speed. On Earth, this is possible - ships and airplanes move in a straight line, sometimes changing direction at given points on the route. In the solar system, each object is affected by the force of force. Curves for the solar system are natural, whereas the straight lines are not there. Therefore, ExoMars flies all 500 million kilometers along a curve, constantly reducing its speed, moving away from the Sun.
This diagram shows the distance traveled and the date by which ExoMars will pass this distance. The launch took place on March 14, at the beginning of June, the device will cover 200 million kilometers, in September - 400 million, and by the landing date, October 19, it will cover almost 500 million kilometers. Please note that the flight speed decreases with time.
Frank Budnik reminds you that you need to compare the correct numbers, which in the case of “spacecraft speed” and “speed record” is not the same thing. Record New Horizons consider 16.26 km / s, it is 58,500 km / h. It was at this speed that the New Horizons overcame the distance from the Earth to the Moon - these are the first 8 hours and 35 minutes of flight.
Neither before nor after New Horizons , spacecraft flew off the Earth at such a speed. But if we talk about speed in a heliocentric orbit, then to 16.26 km / s, we need to add the speed of the Earth - this is 30 km / s, and we get about 46 km / s relative to the Sun. This is an impressive speed, but not a record one. The record was at the apparatus Helios 2 - 70 km / s.
ExoMars is not moving so fast. In 218 days, 16 hours and 56 minutes, the device will cover 500 million kilometers. Its average speed on a heliocentric trajectory will be 26.5 km / s - between the speeds of the Earth at 30 km / s and Mars at 24 km / s.
Now imagine this as a mathematical problem.
Given:
Just keep in mind that this is the average speed, and the vehicle slows down throughout the entire journey to Mars, as can be seen in the graph above.
Read more about the mission itself in the Orbital Detective and in the Twelve Hours of Fear for ExoMars.
In March, a Facebook user asked the European Space Agency how fast ExoMars was flying to Mars. People who run the Agency’s social networks could not immediately answer this question. Therefore, they attracted a specialist - Frank Budnik from the team of navigators.
Here is the question:
Hey daniel, can i bother you with another question? I read on the ESA website that the whole ExoMars journey will be 500 million km in 218 days ... this means that it is traveling at a speed of 95,500 km / h! How is this possible? The current speed record now belongs to New Horizons - it's 56,000 km / h.
Question in original language
Hey Daniel, may I bother you with another question? On the ESA website, I’ve read that it’s 500 million km in 218 days ... that means it goes for a 95.500 km / h! How is it possible? The New Horizon's record is 56,000 km / h ...
And the answer is under habrakat.
')
An interplanetary flight from Earth to any other planet - in this case, to Mars - is inconceivable from the point of view of flying in a straight line at cruising speed. On Earth, this is possible - ships and airplanes move in a straight line, sometimes changing direction at given points on the route. In the solar system, each object is affected by the force of force. Curves for the solar system are natural, whereas the straight lines are not there. Therefore, ExoMars flies all 500 million kilometers along a curve, constantly reducing its speed, moving away from the Sun.
This diagram shows the distance traveled and the date by which ExoMars will pass this distance. The launch took place on March 14, at the beginning of June, the device will cover 200 million kilometers, in September - 400 million, and by the landing date, October 19, it will cover almost 500 million kilometers. Please note that the flight speed decreases with time.
Frank Budnik reminds you that you need to compare the correct numbers, which in the case of “spacecraft speed” and “speed record” is not the same thing. Record New Horizons consider 16.26 km / s, it is 58,500 km / h. It was at this speed that the New Horizons overcame the distance from the Earth to the Moon - these are the first 8 hours and 35 minutes of flight.
Neither before nor after New Horizons , spacecraft flew off the Earth at such a speed. But if we talk about speed in a heliocentric orbit, then to 16.26 km / s, we need to add the speed of the Earth - this is 30 km / s, and we get about 46 km / s relative to the Sun. This is an impressive speed, but not a record one. The record was at the apparatus Helios 2 - 70 km / s.
ExoMars is not moving so fast. In 218 days, 16 hours and 56 minutes, the device will cover 500 million kilometers. Its average speed on a heliocentric trajectory will be 26.5 km / s - between the speeds of the Earth at 30 km / s and Mars at 24 km / s.
Now imagine this as a mathematical problem.
Given:
- Distance = 500 000 000 km
- Time = 218.67 days = 5248 hours = 314,885 minutes = 18,893,088 seconds
- Speed ​​= distance / time
- Speed ​​= 500,000,000 km / 18,893,088 seconds = 26.5 km / second
Just keep in mind that this is the average speed, and the vehicle slows down throughout the entire journey to Mars, as can be seen in the graph above.
Read more about the mission itself in the Orbital Detective and in the Twelve Hours of Fear for ExoMars.
Source: https://habr.com/ru/post/392189/
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