Scientists have found genes that make us share in larks and owls

Genetics from the research company 23andMe identified 15 sites of the human genome that distinguish people who like to get up early (“larks”) from people who prefer to stay up late and get up late (“owls”). The discovery suggests that commitment to certain rhythms is genetically set in humans.

Similar studies have already been conducted on mice or fruit flies, and now geneticists have more and more opportunities to study directly the human genetic material. Scientists have found dependence, having compared samples of 90000 clients of the company.
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“We think of our preferences as our own desires or as part of our essence — but all of these things are based on biological structure,” says David Hinds, who works on statistical genetics at 23andMe. “I think it will be interesting for people to find out how their biology affects their personality.”

Statistical analysis, together with customer survey data, revealed 15 genome regions strongly correlated with the daily routine of people. At the same time, separately these genes had little effect on statistics, but being combined into a group, they gave a statistically stable result.

Characteristically, the genes in seven of the 15 sites found are responsible for the circadian rhythms of the body, and some are for phototransduction, the conversion of light entering the retina, into electrical impulses entering the brain. It is known that circadian rhythms, cyclical fluctuations in the intensity of various biological processes associated with the change of day and night, are strongly associated with lighting.

In subsequent studies, it will be necessary to take into account such factors affecting statistics, such as errors in filling in questionnaires, the effect of weather and seasonal fluctuations, and to identify specific genes responsible for such behavior. In any case, it is already clear that genes have a strong influence on the choice of sleep and wakefulness schedule. Further research will help not only better understand the biology of the human body, but also lead to practical results.

For example, it is known that the absorption of drugs depends on the biological rhythms of a particular person. A more accurate determination of circadian rhythms will allow patients to administer smaller doses of medication, and thus minimize side effects.