Virtual reality: understand the terminology
Today in the Puzzle English blog we decipher and translate new terms of virtual reality and at the end we share a selection of English-language courses about VR.
VR / AR / MR is not a new direction in the market, but it is developing rapidly: AR is used in mobile applications Pokémon GO and Snapchat, MR in HoloLens from Microsoft, and Google Tango combines VR, AR and MR.
More and more products use VR / AR / MR / RR technologies at the same time: medical devices simulate and conduct operations, programs for the military recreate training conditions, applications for architects help develop and display buildings in real environments.
The developers noticed this trend and decided to use one term for VR / AR / MR / RR: XR - Extended Reality. The fact that all the realities are a single whole was tweeted by the head of Google’s AR and VR Google Clay Bavor:
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“VR / MR / AR / RR are not separate and different things. These are convenient labels for different points of the spectrum. ”
We will understand how VR / AR / MR / RR exist together and why do we need a new term Immersive reality (IR)?
What it does: virtual reality is based on the creation of computer sounds and images. It completely separates the user from the real reality (RR) with the help of a VR helmet, headphones, joysticks and replaces it with a simulation. The term "virtual" is derived from lat. virtualis is possible.
Examples of gadgets or applications: VR helmets or VR glasses.
What it does: AR is a computer-mediated reality in which RR is complemented with virtual images, animations, effects, or captions. The term was introduced by Boeing engineer Tom Codel in 1990: then the company's specialists fixed digital displays on their heads that helped to mount the wires in the plane. The goal of AR is to enhance perception of reality. This is its difference from VR, which replaces reality with simulation.
Examples of gadgets or applications: Pokémon GO, Snapchat, and Instagram with Motion Tracking, Google Glass, City Lens filters from Nokia.
What it does: MR combines real and virtual elements: they coexist and interact in RR. MR uses augmented reality (AR) and augmented virtuality (AV - from Augmented Virtuality) - a computer simulation in which there are elements of the real world. The term Mixed Reality was invented by Microsoft 16 years ago. Sometimes MR is called Hybrid Reality (hybrid reality).
Examples of gadgets or applications: Skype (using HoloLens), Microsoft HoloLens, CAVE and 2D.
What it does: XR combines real and virtual realities: augmented reality (AR), augmented virtuality (AV), virtual reality (VR), and others. Augmented reality is a range of phenomena and developments from “full real” to “full virtual”.
Examples of gadgets or applications: XR includes everything we listed above.
XR unites all points of the spectrum, but for the VR / AR distance there is no term yet. In a blog on Medium, Clay Bayvor suggested finding a term to refer to technology:
“If VR and AR are two points of the spectrum, then what should we call a spectrum? Here are a few ideas: Immersive Computing, Computing with Presence, Physical Computing, Perceptual Computing, Cross-Reality, or Immersive Reality. This technology is nascent, and we can say a lot about our definitions, but now let's call it immersive calculation . ”
We decipher the terms that Clay Bayvor proposed in the article to refer to the spectrum VR / AR:
Computer-generated imagery - a computer-generated group of images;
Virtual representation - a virtual representation (representation);
Photo-realistic digital representations - photo -realistic digital representation ;
Immersive computing - immersive computing (multidirectional, with simultaneous effects on humans);
Computing with presence - calculations with presence;
Physical computing ;
Perceptual computing - perceptual computing (related to human perception);
Immersive reality - immersive reality (multidirectional, with simultaneous effects on humans).
In each term, there is a reference to the generated images, computer calculations or reality. At the same time, IR (Immersive Reality) fits better into the existing list by meaning: the name takes into account the multidirectionality of simulations and how they affect the person. In the article, Clay remarks that while the term Immersive Reality is his favorite.
The line between the generated and the real reality is becoming thinner: teenagers take selfies with the Motion Tracking system, adults hunt conditional Pokémon, and children play with VR helmets.
Next is a list of open virtual reality courses that can be taken online in English:
We offer to learn English in Puzzle English for free (with restrictions). To get unlimited access, use a coupon for 500 rubles to buy a subscription.
VR / AR / MR is not a new direction in the market, but it is developing rapidly: AR is used in mobile applications Pokémon GO and Snapchat, MR in HoloLens from Microsoft, and Google Tango combines VR, AR and MR.
More and more products use VR / AR / MR / RR technologies at the same time: medical devices simulate and conduct operations, programs for the military recreate training conditions, applications for architects help develop and display buildings in real environments.
The developers noticed this trend and decided to use one term for VR / AR / MR / RR: XR - Extended Reality. The fact that all the realities are a single whole was tweeted by the head of Google’s AR and VR Google Clay Bavor:
')
“VR / MR / AR / RR are not separate and different things. These are convenient labels for different points of the spectrum. ”
We will understand how VR / AR / MR / RR exist together and why do we need a new term Immersive reality (IR)?
Virtual Reality (VR) - Virtual Reality
What it does: virtual reality is based on the creation of computer sounds and images. It completely separates the user from the real reality (RR) with the help of a VR helmet, headphones, joysticks and replaces it with a simulation. The term "virtual" is derived from lat. virtualis is possible.
Examples of gadgets or applications: VR helmets or VR glasses.
Augmented Reality (AR) - Augmented Reality
What it does: AR is a computer-mediated reality in which RR is complemented with virtual images, animations, effects, or captions. The term was introduced by Boeing engineer Tom Codel in 1990: then the company's specialists fixed digital displays on their heads that helped to mount the wires in the plane. The goal of AR is to enhance perception of reality. This is its difference from VR, which replaces reality with simulation.
Examples of gadgets or applications: Pokémon GO, Snapchat, and Instagram with Motion Tracking, Google Glass, City Lens filters from Nokia.
Mixed Reality (MR) - mixed reality
What it does: MR combines real and virtual elements: they coexist and interact in RR. MR uses augmented reality (AR) and augmented virtuality (AV - from Augmented Virtuality) - a computer simulation in which there are elements of the real world. The term Mixed Reality was invented by Microsoft 16 years ago. Sometimes MR is called Hybrid Reality (hybrid reality).
Examples of gadgets or applications: Skype (using HoloLens), Microsoft HoloLens, CAVE and 2D.
Extended Reality (XR) - Extended Reality
What it does: XR combines real and virtual realities: augmented reality (AR), augmented virtuality (AV), virtual reality (VR), and others. Augmented reality is a range of phenomena and developments from “full real” to “full virtual”.
Examples of gadgets or applications: XR includes everything we listed above.
Other realities - other terms
XR unites all points of the spectrum, but for the VR / AR distance there is no term yet. In a blog on Medium, Clay Bayvor suggested finding a term to refer to technology:
“If VR and AR are two points of the spectrum, then what should we call a spectrum? Here are a few ideas: Immersive Computing, Computing with Presence, Physical Computing, Perceptual Computing, Cross-Reality, or Immersive Reality. This technology is nascent, and we can say a lot about our definitions, but now let's call it immersive calculation . ”
We decipher the terms that Clay Bayvor proposed in the article to refer to the spectrum VR / AR:
Computer-generated imagery - a computer-generated group of images;
Virtual representation - a virtual representation (representation);
Photo-realistic digital representations - photo -realistic digital representation ;
Immersive computing - immersive computing (multidirectional, with simultaneous effects on humans);
Computing with presence - calculations with presence;
Physical computing ;
Perceptual computing - perceptual computing (related to human perception);
Immersive reality - immersive reality (multidirectional, with simultaneous effects on humans).
In each term, there is a reference to the generated images, computer calculations or reality. At the same time, IR (Immersive Reality) fits better into the existing list by meaning: the name takes into account the multidirectionality of simulations and how they affect the person. In the article, Clay remarks that while the term Immersive Reality is his favorite.
Instead of the total
The line between the generated and the real reality is becoming thinner: teenagers take selfies with the Motion Tracking system, adults hunt conditional Pokémon, and children play with VR helmets.
Next is a list of open virtual reality courses that can be taken online in English:
- Introduction to Virtual Reality : on the psychology of virtual reality, production technologies and history;
- 3D Models for Virtual Reality : how and with what to create models for VR;
- 3D Interaction Design in Virtual Reality : about interacting with VR objects and creating them;
- How Virtual Reality Works : on creating elementary VR programs on WebVR;
- Building Interactive 3D Characters and Social VR : how to build communication in VR.
For those who want to pump their English
We offer to learn English in Puzzle English for free (with restrictions). To get unlimited access, use a coupon for 500 rubles to buy a subscription.
Source: https://habr.com/ru/post/370977/
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