Telegram-bot for the system administrator

Telegram-bot for system administrators. This is by no means a finished project, there is a lot of work to be done. This is a semi-finished product and a set of techniques that each admin can file for his different tasks.


The article contains examples of several bots and examples of working with the api telegrams from powershell.

Ready adminbots templates

How to work with bot api

1. Accept the message

Need to run Invoke-WebRequest to

https://api.telegram.org/bot{}/getUpdates?offset={ ID }&timeout={     } 

{Token} - bot token received from BotFather
{ordinal message ID} - for the first message 0 , for the subsequent number of the last + 1 . If you specify the last number, you will receive the last message with each call.
{waiting time before returning in seconds} - the time that the telegram will wait for an answer if it is not there before returning the empty structure. Suitable for creating a delay in the bot. I used 1 second latency in order to not wait for debugging.
at the output we get a JSON structure that is parsed with ConvertFrom-Json

Code Listing # 1

 $ChatTimeout = 1 $UpdateId = 0 $token = "bot token" $URL = "https://api.telegram.org/bot$token/getUpdates?offset=$UpdateId&timeout=$ChatTimeout" $Request = Invoke-WebRequest -Uri $URL -Method Get $content = ConvertFrom-Json $Request.content #    2       $str = $content.result | select -First 1 $str = ($str).message $props = [ordered]@{ ok = $content.ok UpdateId = ($str).update_id Message_ID = $str.message_id first_name = ($str.from).first_name last_name = ($str.from).last_name chat_id = ($str.chat).id text = $str.text } $obj = New-Object -TypeName PSObject -Property $props $obj 

At the output in the object $ obj there will be a message and from whom it came

2. Download file

If the file is transferred, then additional parameters will be passed in the JSON structure. To get the file you need to pull out the file_id from the message, then contact the address:

 https://api.telegram.org/bot{token}/getFile?file_id={file_id  } 

The request will return a JSON structure containing the path to download. Next, download the file by reference.

 https://api.telegram.org/file/bot{token}/{file_path} 

Suppose that we were given a file, then the code for downloading it will look like this:

 $ChatTimeout = 1 $UpdateId = 0 $token = "bot token" $Path = "c:\" #####     $URL = "https://api.telegram.org/bot$token/getUpdates?offset=$UpdateId&timeout=$ChatTimeout" $Request = Invoke-WebRequest -Uri $URL -Method Get $content = ConvertFrom-Json $Request.content #    2       $str = $content.result | select -First 1 $str = ($str).message #####          #          if ( $($str.document).mime_type -eq "image/jpeg" ) { $isJPG = $true } #####   file_name      #    ? if ( $($str.document).file_name -ne $null ) { ###      $DocFileName = ($str.document).file_name $DocFileID = ($str.document).file_id $DocFileSize = ($str.document).file_size #        /getFile $URL = "https://api.telegram.org/bot$token/getFile?file_id=$DocFileID" $RequestFile = Invoke-WebRequest -Uri $URL ###  $RequestFile        foreach ( $JSON in $((ConvertFrom-Json $RequestFile.Content).result) ) { $FilePath = $json.file_path $URL = "https://api.telegram.org/file/bot$token/$FilePath" $FilePath = Split-Path -Leaf $FilePath $OutputFile = "$Path\$FilePath" #    Invoke-WebRequest -Uri $URL -OutFile $OutputFile } } 

3. Write something

The telegram bot supports 2 markdown and html text markup modes.

Warning: br mode is not supported in html mode.


To wrap lines, use the sequence % 0A

Example of sending a message

 $token = " " $hatid = "ID      " $text = " habr" $payload = @{ "parse_mode" = "Markdown"; "disable_web_page_preview" = "True" } $URL = "https://api.telegram.org/bot$token/sendMessage?chat_id=$hatid&text=$text" $request = Invoke-WebRequest -Uri $URL -Method Post ` -ContentType "application/json; charset=utf-8" ` -Body (ConvertTo-Json -Compress -InputObject $payload) 

If this code gives an error, for example, when sending a line like this:

 "$FDownload : file name is ""$($JSON.file_path)""; size $($json.file_size) kb" 

You can use the send method more complicated:

 $token = " " $chat_id = "ID chata" $text = "" $markdown = $true $preview_mode = "True" if ($markdown) { $markdown_mode = "Markdown" } else {$markdown_mode = ""} $payload = @{ "chat_id" = $chat_id; "text" = $text "parse_mode" = $markdown_mode; "disable_web_page_preview" = $preview_mode; } $URL = "https://api.telegram.org/bot$token/sendMessaget" $request = Invoke-WebRequest -Uri $URL ` -Method Post -ContentType "application/json; charset=utf-8" ` -Body (ConvertTo-Json -Compress -InputObject $payload) 

If anyone knows how to download the file back - skinte, I will add.