Still want a well-fed and bright future for their children?
Are you an IT parent and your child recently passed the exam? I bet I guess two things about you:
1. most likely, one of the subjects of the exam was the profile mathematics
2. Now you, along with your son, are in meditations, where you can take a certificate - you want to get into the bull's eye with a promising university and specialty.
If I guessed it, read my article - it is just for parents who need to understand what engineering professions will be in demand in 2020.
')
Predicting the future of a university graduate is not so easy. Some professions will die away under the influence of widespread automation or lack of demand by the market, for some there will be an oversupply of offers and high competition. Take for example the popular specialty - economics. Many of the applicants, having passed the profile mathematics, are going to go to study for accountants or other financial professionals. And although now the demand for them is high, what will happen in 2020, when the student unlearns and will look for work, it is difficult to predict. It all depends on the state of our long-suffering economy.
The director of the Federal Center for Online Training "Academy" decided to help parents and applicants with the choice of a promising profession. Gennady Bazhenov asked me to make a selection of specialties, which, according to experts, will be in demand in 2020. I’m offering it to your attention now.
1. I studied the results of a study conducted by the Moscow School of Management SKOLKOVO and the Agency for Strategic Initiatives ( download Atlas of Future Professions).
2. I selected the most promising sectors of the Russian market from the atlas, according to the experts I interviewed. And within these industries - the most relevant specialty-2020 - engineering (as predicted by the Ministry of Education and Science).
3. Left those of them, for admission to which you need a specialized mathematics (based on the hypothesis of the inclinations of your child to the exact sciences).
In short, the promising sectors of the future are areas of activity related to the formation of the sixth technological order (for some reason I am sure that you do not need to explain what it is).
Namely:
Why specialists of these industries will be in demand?
Yuri Mikheev, consultant of the GC “Institute of Training - ARB Pro” (works in the field of HR consulting), expresses his opinion: “On the one hand, our country has a technological base and relevant developments. On the other hand, there are very few highly qualified specialists. In the near future, deep competences will become more and more in demand, because the market is actively maturing for high technologies (including the biotechnological sphere). Today in our country we see the following picture: on the one hand, a developing market economy, on the other - not fully realized potential. ”
According to the report of the FAO, the International Fund for Agricultural Development and the World Food Program , about 800 million people on our planet suffer from hunger (of almost 7 billion living). One way to solve the problem of world hunger in the 21st century will be genetic engineering.
The situation with biotechnology in Russia is commented on by Olesya Elagina, an expert of the Job.ru portal: “According to most forecasts, the nutrition of the future is, alas, not natural, natural food, but products with an ever-increasing proportion of additives. Therefore, food industry experts with knowledge of biology and engineering will be in great demand . ”
Biotechnologists will be in demand in the food industry, medicine (the production of organic medicines and household chemicals), energy (biofuels), the production of raw materials and biomaterials for construction.
Basic training can be obtained in the following specialties:
Where:
“Modern technologies have reached a level where any improvement requires a real breakthrough. The main limitations of development are laid down in familiar materials, whose possibilities are almost exhausted. All breakthrough technologies in the next 5-10 years will be based on new materials, ”says Alevtina Chernikova, Rector of the National Research Technological University“ MISiS ”.
Future materials are composites created, including with the use of nanostructures. They leave far behind traditional materials (wood, metal, stone) in terms of strength, lightness and even cost. The scope of application of composites is enormous - aerospace industry, engineering, construction, etc.
Composites began to be used in the 2nd half of the XX century. Russia is ten times behind the West in terms of the use of composites. Recently, the gap is narrowing, but the lack of personnel slows down the process. Therefore, in 2020 and further there will be demand for specialists in the field of materials science, the creation of new and modification of already existing materials.
In addition to composites, 3D printing has a great prospect. It is a technology that allows you to print any objects from special compositions, be it a computer board, a musical instrument, a weapon, or a medical prosthesis.
In the coming years, we can expect a transition from modular production to the production of whole products using a 3D printer. This means that the demand for 3D printing specialists will grow.
A future material scientist may receive a basic education in the specialty:
Universities:
Information technologies penetrate into all areas of the economy thanks to the universal automation of work processes. Accordingly, the demand for development specialists (programmers) or maintenance of automation software (system engineers) will grow.
Another promising area in IT, in the opinion of the rector of NITU “MISiS” Alevtina Chernikova, is the development of big data analysis with the possibility of forecasting (data mining). “Without this, the transition to the 6th technological order is impossible ,” she believes.
Thus, in the field of IT programmers, system engineers, architects and database analysts will be in demand.
You can become such a specialist by studying:
Universities:
“With the development of business and technology, there is a severe separation between“ top ”and“ bottom ”. A smaller part of people moves to the upper segment, and it will be those who set the standards and algorithms. They become "brains". They will earn a lot. The bulk of them are low-skilled personnel who work according to strict instructions and rules. And they will receive little, because such a person is easily replaced by another , ”says Lyubov Gorbunova, partner of the STEP consulting center.
The trend of using cheap labor, which has long gained momentum, expressed in the transfer of factories to China, and IT services to India, is now entering a new level - robotization. This is due to technological progress and cheaper production of robots.
Therefore, we can expect an increase in demand for “brains” - specialists in robotics and artificial intelligence.
Basic training can be obtained in the following specialties:
The list of universities can be used the same as in the section "Information technology" .
The prospect of the industry itself does not cause any doubts - until humanity has learned to move through the air or teleport to the right point in space, it will develop ground transportation.
There are two main tasks for the solution of which engineering specialists will be required:
Accordingly, there will be a growing need for designers, specialists in the safety of the transport network, and technicians serving the traffic management systems.
Engineering specialties in the field of land transport:
You can learn them here:
According to a study by the International Center for Robotics of Cognitive Technologies, the profession “Specialist in the field of alternative energy” falls into the list of 10 most popular professions in 2020.
What is alternative energy is micro-wind turbines, solar panels, bio-energy (captured from the surface of the body), etc. People will begin to generate energy in private. Companies producing devices for local power generation will need specialists who own technologies for the production, transmission and storage of energy.
The job.ru expert, Oksana Elagina, agrees with the results of the study: “ One of the most important professions of the future is an expert in the field of alternative energy, ” she said.
Basic knowledge can provide all engineering specialties related to energy:
Universities:
If your child only has to pass the EGE, then you can prepare for the delivery of profile mathematics with the help of the online course “Academy” . Until August 1, the annual course can be purchased at a 75% discount for just 5,500 rubles.
Questions and suggestions on the article please write in the comments, be sure to read and, if possible, I will answer everyone.
1. most likely, one of the subjects of the exam was the profile mathematics
2. Now you, along with your son, are in meditations, where you can take a certificate - you want to get into the bull's eye with a promising university and specialty.
If I guessed it, read my article - it is just for parents who need to understand what engineering professions will be in demand in 2020.
')
Predicting the future of a university graduate is not so easy. Some professions will die away under the influence of widespread automation or lack of demand by the market, for some there will be an oversupply of offers and high competition. Take for example the popular specialty - economics. Many of the applicants, having passed the profile mathematics, are going to go to study for accountants or other financial professionals. And although now the demand for them is high, what will happen in 2020, when the student unlearns and will look for work, it is difficult to predict. It all depends on the state of our long-suffering economy.
The director of the Federal Center for Online Training "Academy" decided to help parents and applicants with the choice of a promising profession. Gennady Bazhenov asked me to make a selection of specialties, which, according to experts, will be in demand in 2020. I’m offering it to your attention now.
How was compiled
1. I studied the results of a study conducted by the Moscow School of Management SKOLKOVO and the Agency for Strategic Initiatives ( download Atlas of Future Professions).
2. I selected the most promising sectors of the Russian market from the atlas, according to the experts I interviewed. And within these industries - the most relevant specialty-2020 - engineering (as predicted by the Ministry of Education and Science).
3. Left those of them, for admission to which you need a specialized mathematics (based on the hypothesis of the inclinations of your child to the exact sciences).
Promising industries and specialties
In short, the promising sectors of the future are areas of activity related to the formation of the sixth technological order (for some reason I am sure that you do not need to explain what it is).
Namely:
- Biotechnology, based on the achievements of molecular biology and genetic engineering,
- nanotechnology
- production of construction materials with predetermined properties,
- flexible production automation,
- artificial intelligence systems and global information networks,
- robotics,
- integrated high-speed transport systems
- alternative renewable energy sources.
Why specialists of these industries will be in demand?
Yuri Mikheev, consultant of the GC “Institute of Training - ARB Pro” (works in the field of HR consulting), expresses his opinion: “On the one hand, our country has a technological base and relevant developments. On the other hand, there are very few highly qualified specialists. In the near future, deep competences will become more and more in demand, because the market is actively maturing for high technologies (including the biotechnological sphere). Today in our country we see the following picture: on the one hand, a developing market economy, on the other - not fully realized potential. ”
1. Biotechnology
According to the report of the FAO, the International Fund for Agricultural Development and the World Food Program , about 800 million people on our planet suffer from hunger (of almost 7 billion living). One way to solve the problem of world hunger in the 21st century will be genetic engineering.
The situation with biotechnology in Russia is commented on by Olesya Elagina, an expert of the Job.ru portal: “According to most forecasts, the nutrition of the future is, alas, not natural, natural food, but products with an ever-increasing proportion of additives. Therefore, food industry experts with knowledge of biology and engineering will be in great demand . ”
Biotechnologists will be in demand in the food industry, medicine (the production of organic medicines and household chemicals), energy (biofuels), the production of raw materials and biomaterials for construction.
Basic training can be obtained in the following specialties:
- 03/12/04 Biotechnical systems and technologies
- 06.05.01 Bioengineering and Bioinformatics
- 03/19/01 Biotechnology
Where:
- Tomsk Polytechnic University
- Moscow State University
- Northern (Arctic) Federal University
- Udmurt State University
- Far Eastern State Technical Fisheries University
- Russian State Agrarian University - Moscow Agricultural Academy. K.A. Timiryazeva
2. New materials and nanotechnology
“Modern technologies have reached a level where any improvement requires a real breakthrough. The main limitations of development are laid down in familiar materials, whose possibilities are almost exhausted. All breakthrough technologies in the next 5-10 years will be based on new materials, ”says Alevtina Chernikova, Rector of the National Research Technological University“ MISiS ”.
Future materials are composites created, including with the use of nanostructures. They leave far behind traditional materials (wood, metal, stone) in terms of strength, lightness and even cost. The scope of application of composites is enormous - aerospace industry, engineering, construction, etc.
Composites began to be used in the 2nd half of the XX century. Russia is ten times behind the West in terms of the use of composites. Recently, the gap is narrowing, but the lack of personnel slows down the process. Therefore, in 2020 and further there will be demand for specialists in the field of materials science, the creation of new and modification of already existing materials.
In addition to composites, 3D printing has a great prospect. It is a technology that allows you to print any objects from special compositions, be it a computer board, a musical instrument, a weapon, or a medical prosthesis.
In the coming years, we can expect a transition from modular production to the production of whole products using a 3D printer. This means that the demand for 3D printing specialists will grow.
A future material scientist may receive a basic education in the specialty:
- 03/04/02 Chemistry, Physics and Mechanics of Materials
- 03.22.01 Materials science and materials technology
- 28.03.01 Nanotechnologies and microsystem technology
- 03.28.02 Nanoengineering
- 03.28.03 Nanomaterials
Universities:
- Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology (MIPT)
- National Research Technological University "MISiS"
- Russian University of Chemical Technology D.I. Mendeleev (RHTU)
- National Research Tomsk Polytechnic University (TPU)
- Moscow State Academy of Fine Chemical Technology. M. V. Lomonosov (MITHT)
- St. Petersburg State Polytechnic University
- Nizhny Novgorod State University. N.I. Lobachevsky (NNGU)
- Ural Federal University. First President of Russia B. N. Yeltsin
3. Information Technology (IT)
Information technologies penetrate into all areas of the economy thanks to the universal automation of work processes. Accordingly, the demand for development specialists (programmers) or maintenance of automation software (system engineers) will grow.
Another promising area in IT, in the opinion of the rector of NITU “MISiS” Alevtina Chernikova, is the development of big data analysis with the possibility of forecasting (data mining). “Without this, the transition to the 6th technological order is impossible ,” she believes.
Thus, in the field of IT programmers, system engineers, architects and database analysts will be in demand.
You can become such a specialist by studying:
- 03/01/02 Applied Mathematics and Computer Science
- 03/01/04 Applied Mathematics
- 02.03.01 Mathematics and computer science
- 02.03.02 Fundamental informatics and information technologies
- 03/02/03 Mathematical support and administration of information systems
- 03.03.01 Applied Mathematics and Physics
- 09.03.01 Informatics and computer engineering
- 09.03.02 Information systems and technologies
- 03.03.03 Applied Informatics
- 3/9/04 Software Engineering
- 03.10.01 Information Security
- 05/10/01 Computer Security
- 10.05.02 Information security of telecommunication systems
- 05/10/03 Information Security of Automated Systems
- 10.05.04 Information and analytical security systems
- 11.03.02 Infocommunication technologies and communication systems
- 03.27.03 System analysis and management
- 03.27.04 Management in technical systems
- 03/25/06 Agricultural Engineering
Universities:
- Faculty of Computational Mathematics and Cybernetics, Moscow State University (VMK MSU)
- Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology (MIPT)
- St. Petersburg National Research University of Information Technologies, Mechanics and Optics (NRU ITMO)
- National Research Nuclear University "MEPhI"
- National Research Tomsk Polytechnic University (TPU)
- Novosibirsk National Research State University (NSU)
- National Research Tomsk State University (TSU)
- Nizhny Novgorod State Technical University. R. E. Alekseeva (NSTU)
- Moscow Technical University of Communications and Informatics (MTUCI)
- Moscow State Technical University of Radio Engineering, Electronics and Automation (MSTU MIREA)
- Far Eastern Federal University
4. Robotics and engineering
“With the development of business and technology, there is a severe separation between“ top ”and“ bottom ”. A smaller part of people moves to the upper segment, and it will be those who set the standards and algorithms. They become "brains". They will earn a lot. The bulk of them are low-skilled personnel who work according to strict instructions and rules. And they will receive little, because such a person is easily replaced by another , ”says Lyubov Gorbunova, partner of the STEP consulting center.
The trend of using cheap labor, which has long gained momentum, expressed in the transfer of factories to China, and IT services to India, is now entering a new level - robotization. This is due to technological progress and cheaper production of robots.
Therefore, we can expect an increase in demand for “brains” - specialists in robotics and artificial intelligence.
Basic training can be obtained in the following specialties:
- 03.11.03 Design and technology of electronic means
- 03/15/06 Mechatronics and Robotics,
- or the above IT specialties.
The list of universities can be used the same as in the section "Information technology" .
5. Ground transportation
The prospect of the industry itself does not cause any doubts - until humanity has learned to move through the air or teleport to the right point in space, it will develop ground transportation.
There are two main tasks for the solution of which engineering specialists will be required:
- Modernization of transport infrastructure. The number of cars is growing along with the welfare of the population and lower bank loan rates. Increasing the number of cars with the same road capacity leads to traffic jams. So that the transport arteries can function normally, the city will modernize them by expanding, adding new levels, etc.
- Creation of new transport systems using intelligent technologies (for example, high-speed railways).
Accordingly, there will be a growing need for designers, specialists in the safety of the transport network, and technicians serving the traffic management systems.
Engineering specialties in the field of land transport:
- 05.05.02 Construction of railways, bridges and transport tunnels
- 03.22.01 Materials science and materials technology
- 23.03.01 Technology of transport processes
- March 23, 2002 Land transport and technological complexes
- 23.05.03 Rolling stock of railways
- 23.05.04 Operation of railways
- 05.23.05 Train Traffic Management Systems
You can learn them here:
- Moscow State University of Communications
- Moscow State Technological University (MGTU "Stankin")
- Far Eastern State Transport University
- Moscow Automobile and Road Institute
- Moscow State Institute of Electronics and Mathematics
- Siberian Federal University
- Izhevsk State Technical University. M.T. Kalashnikova (IzhgTU)
- National Research Technological University "MISiS"
6. Energy industry
According to a study by the International Center for Robotics of Cognitive Technologies, the profession “Specialist in the field of alternative energy” falls into the list of 10 most popular professions in 2020.
What is alternative energy is micro-wind turbines, solar panels, bio-energy (captured from the surface of the body), etc. People will begin to generate energy in private. Companies producing devices for local power generation will need specialists who own technologies for the production, transmission and storage of energy.
The job.ru expert, Oksana Elagina, agrees with the results of the study: “ One of the most important professions of the future is an expert in the field of alternative energy, ” she said.
Basic knowledge can provide all engineering specialties related to energy:
- 13.03.01 Thermal Power Engineering and Heat Engineering
- 03/13/02 Power engineering and electrical engineering
- 03/13/03 Power engineering
- March 14, 01 Nuclear Power and Thermal Physics
- 14.05.01 Nuclear reactors and materials
- 3/16/02 High-tech plasma and power plants
- March 18, 2002 Energy and resource saving processes in chemical technology, petrochemistry and biotechnology
Universities:
- Moscow Energy Institute
- Moscow State Technical University (MSTU) them. N. E. Bauman
- Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology (MIPT)
- National Research Nuclear University MEPhI
- Kazan State Energy University
- Ivanovo State Energy University
If your child only has to pass the EGE, then you can prepare for the delivery of profile mathematics with the help of the online course “Academy” . Until August 1, the annual course can be purchased at a 75% discount for just 5,500 rubles.
Questions and suggestions on the article please write in the comments, be sure to read and, if possible, I will answer everyone.
Source: https://habr.com/ru/post/304380/
All Articles