FIAS and the seven mortal rake developer
In order to work normally with postal addresses, the sites connect the directory of tax service addresses (FIAS). Five thousand online stores, CRM and startups have already done this on dadata.ru .
And we looked at the problems of customers, thought and collected a weighty set of rakes, which developers like to embrace with FIAS love to walk.
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Those who use FIAS to deliver letters and parcels are in for a surprise. For some reason, everyone thinks that if FIAS is the all-Russian address database, then the indices in it must be correct.
This is not true.
There are several thousand irregular or missing indexes in FIAS. For example, look at the address “Novosibirsk region, Novosibirsk, Sorge street, 56” at fias.nalog.ru :
Index no. If you look at the same address on the website of the Russian post office , we will see the index:
Unfortunately, the FTS data disagree with reality and with the data of the Post. At the Dadat forum, every month they ask a new question on this topic.
Experienced owners of online stores know about the setup with indexes and additionally check FIAS indexes on the basis of Russian Post. But the Post is not doing well either: there are not some of the indices that exist in FIAS (for example, 742602, 103340, and several thousand other indices).
We in Dadat are working on a unified database of FIAS indices and the Post of Russia. It compensates for the mistakes of the departments and is useful for the delivery of letters and parcels. We plan to release before the end of the year.
The developers use the KLADR code as a house identifier - although FIAS and the unique address code in it (GUID) have been around for a long time. This is usually done for compatibility with older systems.
Identifying a house with the KLADR code is very tempting from a developer’s point of view, but this is not worth doing. Because the code to the house is unstable and changes every month (examples are not exhaustive, just illustrate the problem):
It is more reliable to identify the address using the KLADR code of the street and the home part of the address: 160000010000633, d 12 . Better yet, instead of the KLADR code, keep the FIAS-code of the street.
Identifying the address to the house using the FIAS code is also not the best idea.
The FIAS code often designates not a separate house, but a range of houses, for example “1–10”. Of course, all the houses within the range will have the same code. If the house was originally in the range, and then climbed into a separate entry - its code will change:
Therefore, I recommend doing the same as with the KLADR code - use the FIAS street code and the home part of the address.
If you store the address in one line, then over time the database will be filled with records of different formats. Like "Uryupinsk, Lenin Avenue" and "Uryupinsk, Lenin Ave."
This is because the format of entries in FIAS changes all the time:
1. Change street type:
2. Re-subordination (the city became a micro-district or the street moved from city to village):
3. Renaming (or fix on trifles):
Therefore, in addition to the address in one line, it is good to keep the street FIAS-code.
It happens that developers restrict entry of a house only to FIAS houses. This paradoxically leads simultaneously to the lack and excess of information:
FIAS lacks houses
A recent example:
In FIAS there is no house 3, but there are 3 to A.
And sometimes there are too many
There are fake “houses” with letters in FIAS, which are not in real life (or there is, but there is nojoy from them — this is a transformer booth).
It is better not to restrict entry at home, but to offer the person at home from FIAS and allow him to enter his own version (in the Tips we do this way).
FIAS is poor not only with houses. In Russia, new streets and townships appear all the time, and the tax authorities do not have time for life. For example, there is no settlement Novogorelovo from the Leningrad Region, and Novy Lapino from the Moscow Region.
We in Dadat collect such addresses from users and conduct them as an additional reference to FIAS in order to help users enter non-existent addresses into FIAS.
Some developers, succumbing to the magic of FIAS, make the input forms of the address according to the structure of FIAS: they force the user to distinguish between a city and a settlement, it is necessary to enter a region and a region.
For example, the online store of the Russian Post :
How, you still do not remember by heart your index?
The correct guys allow clients to specify the address in one line and not bother entering the index.
I also once thought that with the help of FIAS I would get rid of problems with entering addresses once and for all. But FIAS has its own problems: jumping identifiers, curved indexes and forgotten addresses.
To make your life easier and not to step on the famous rake:
And the most convenient option is to use Tips to enter an address. They solved all the problems, except the last one - we plan to close it by the end of the year.
And we looked at the problems of customers, thought and collected a weighty set of rakes, which developers like to embrace with FIAS love to walk.
')
1. FIAS postal codes for parcel delivery
Those who use FIAS to deliver letters and parcels are in for a surprise. For some reason, everyone thinks that if FIAS is the all-Russian address database, then the indices in it must be correct.
This is not true.
There are several thousand irregular or missing indexes in FIAS. For example, look at the address “Novosibirsk region, Novosibirsk, Sorge street, 56” at fias.nalog.ru :
Index no. If you look at the same address on the website of the Russian post office , we will see the index:
Unfortunately, the FTS data disagree with reality and with the data of the Post. At the Dadat forum, every month they ask a new question on this topic.
Experienced owners of online stores know about the setup with indexes and additionally check FIAS indexes on the basis of Russian Post. But the Post is not doing well either: there are not some of the indices that exist in FIAS (for example, 742602, 103340, and several thousand other indices).
We in Dadat are working on a unified database of FIAS indices and the Post of Russia. It compensates for the mistakes of the departments and is useful for the delivery of letters and parcels. We plan to release before the end of the year.
2. KLADR code as an address identifier to the house
The developers use the KLADR code as a house identifier - although FIAS and the unique address code in it (GUID) have been around for a long time. This is usually done for compatibility with older systems.
Identifying a house with the KLADR code is very tempting from a developer’s point of view, but this is not worth doing. Because the code to the house is unstable and changes every month (examples are not exhaustive, just illustrate the problem):
| Address | KLADR code in FIAS from 03.10.16 | KLADR code in FIAS from 04/18/16 |
| Kazan, Kosmonavtov St., 12 | 1600000100006330009 | 1600000100006330082 |
| g Nizhny Novgorod, Panfilovtsev str, 4B | 5200000100008060003 | 5200000100008060018 |
| Samara, Mekhzavod settlement, kv-l 16th, d 7 | 6300000103700170018 | 6300000103700170043 |
It is more reliable to identify the address using the KLADR code of the street and the home part of the address: 160000010000633, d 12 . Better yet, instead of the KLADR code, keep the FIAS-code of the street.
3. FIAS code as an address identifier to the house
Identifying the address to the house using the FIAS code is also not the best idea.
The FIAS code often designates not a separate house, but a range of houses, for example “1–10”. Of course, all the houses within the range will have the same code. If the house was originally in the range, and then climbed into a separate entry - its code will change:
| Address | FIAS code range, FIAS from 10.03.16 | FIAS code for house, FIAS from 04/18/16 |
| Moscow region, Istra district, with Pavlovskaya Sloboda, Dzerzhinsky St., 1 | 720b25da-f43e-4204-9013-3cb06be3e9e4 house range 1–6 | 5bbc0463-ffc4-4d8f-bc5f-632c46eeedca |
| Volgograd, ul im Parkhomenko, d 33 | 44de3bc5-a650-4f77-b19a-7a12bb619c21 range of houses 15–35, odd | 98216a50-2c52-4b0c-8864-a19dc7a30a73 |
| Izhevsk, Udmurtskaya St., 267 to 3 | 92ff5f38-01fb-42e6-97d6-a95f541644f4 range of houses 261–277, odd | ac8015c8-0e73-442d-a6aa-427f2e973ec5 |
Therefore, I recommend doing the same as with the KLADR code - use the FIAS street code and the home part of the address.
4. Address in one line - instead of FIAS-code
If you store the address in one line, then over time the database will be filled with records of different formats. Like "Uryupinsk, Lenin Avenue" and "Uryupinsk, Lenin Ave."
This is because the format of entries in FIAS changes all the time:
1. Change street type:
Obninsk Lenin Street → Lenin Ave.
Tyumen region, Ishim, line 5th → 5th line ul
2. Re-subordination (the city became a micro-district or the street moved from city to village):
Samara, Simferopol St. → Samara, n Management, Simferopol St.
3. Renaming (or fix on trifles):
Krasnoyarsk, ul im Akademik Vavilova → ul Akademik Vavilov
Chechen Rep, Itum-Kalinsky district, Guchum-Kala village → Guchum-Kali village
Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug, Gubkinsky District, md 12 → mkr 12
Therefore, in addition to the address in one line, it is good to keep the street FIAS-code.
5. Houses only from FIAS
It happens that developers restrict entry of a house only to FIAS houses. This paradoxically leads simultaneously to the lack and excess of information:
FIAS lacks houses
A recent example:
Moscow region, Balashikha, Gorensky boulevard, 3 ( on the map ).
In FIAS there is no house 3, but there are 3 to A.
And sometimes there are too many
There are fake “houses” with letters in FIAS, which are not in real life (or there is, but there is no
St. Petersburg, st. Shipbuilders
house 383
house 38k3 letter A
house 38k3 letters T
It is better not to restrict entry at home, but to offer the person at home from FIAS and allow him to enter his own version (in the Tips we do this way).
6. Villages and streets only from FIAS
FIAS is poor not only with houses. In Russia, new streets and townships appear all the time, and the tax authorities do not have time for life. For example, there is no settlement Novogorelovo from the Leningrad Region, and Novy Lapino from the Moscow Region.
We in Dadat collect such addresses from users and conduct them as an additional reference to FIAS in order to help users enter non-existent addresses into FIAS.
7. The form of entering the address on the structure of FIAS
Some developers, succumbing to the magic of FIAS, make the input forms of the address according to the structure of FIAS: they force the user to distinguish between a city and a settlement, it is necessary to enter a region and a region.
For example, the online store of the Russian Post :
How, you still do not remember by heart your index?
The correct guys allow clients to specify the address in one line and not bother entering the index.
Conclusion
I also once thought that with the help of FIAS I would get rid of problems with entering addresses once and for all. But FIAS has its own problems: jumping identifiers, curved indexes and forgotten addresses.
To make your life easier and not to step on the famous rake:
- Use the FIAS code to the street + house + apartment to identify the address.
- Do not limit the entry of houses from FIAS - allow users to enter their homes.
- Give users the ability to specify villages and streets not from FIAS.
- Enter addresses in one line.
- If you deliver packages, check the indexes on Mail and 2GIS.
And the most convenient option is to use Tips to enter an address. They solved all the problems, except the last one - we plan to close it by the end of the year.
Source: https://habr.com/ru/post/301014/
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