Restoring access rights for Mac OS X - EL Capitan
When switching to El Capitan, a number of users encountered access rights issues - idle sudo , incorrect timezone, etc ...
The root of evil is curtailed access to / private / etc.
For starters, you should check yours. Open Terminal (this can be done via Spotlight ) and enter ls -la / private .
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This is how “drwxr-xr-x” should look like the rights to etc. If they look more like drwx ----- , then you are welcome to us.
It would seem - just some cases - to restore access rights: Spotlight -> DiskUtility -> FirstAid ... and where is Repair Permission now?
As it turned out, this option is no longer available through the GUI.
However, as Google tells us (for example, osxdaily.com/2015/11/04/verify-repair-permissions-mac-os-x ), this can still be done via the command line:
So all we need to do is restore sudo to it ... working sudo! Somewhat ironic, isn't it?
Nevertheless, there is a way out.
In order to fix the rights you need:
1. login as a user with administrator rights
2. access root user
3. change permissions to the / private / etc folder
1. login as a user with administrator rights
With the first paragraph, I will not help you. If your account already has administrator rights - use it. If not, find your administrator.
2. access root user
In order to gain access to root, run the Directory Utility application. I would recommend opening it through Spotlight .
After starting the program, click on the lock and enter your user’s password so that “Directory Utility” allows you to make changes.
Go to the Edit menu. If you have the item "Enable Root User" start with it. If instead of this item you see "Disable Root User" , then immediately select "Change Root Password ..."
Enter the password and repeat it for control. Decent people do not use the same password for root as their regular user.
3. change permissions to the / private / etc folder
Run Terminal (this, again, can be done via Spotlight ).
Enter the su command.
When you enter this command, the system will ask you for a password. You need to keep the root password. It is the one that you set in the second step, not your regular password.
If you entered it correctly, then you will receive a command line prompt with a grid on the end. Sort of:
So, we are just one step away from success. It remains to change the permissions and check the result. To change permissions, use the “chmod aug + rx / private / etc” command . To check the result - ls -la / private
Enjoy!
PS: For users who have experienced problems with the timezone , I would advise you once again to go into the settings via SystemPrefernces and disable / connect the automatic configuration.
The root of evil is curtailed access to / private / etc.
For starters, you should check yours. Open Terminal (this can be done via Spotlight ) and enter ls -la / private .
')
$ ls -la /private total 0 drwxr-xr-x@ 6 root wheel 204 Oct 1 10:20 . drwxr-xr-x 33 root wheel 1190 Nov 4 15:56 .. drwxr-xr-x 106 root wheel 3604 Nov 13 18:04 etc drwxr-xr-x 2 root wheel 68 Aug 23 02:28 tftpboot drwxrwxrwt 14 root wheel 476 Nov 16 10:55 tmp drwxr-xr-x 25 root wheel 850 Nov 4 17:02 var $ This is how “drwxr-xr-x” should look like the rights to etc. If they look more like drwx ----- , then you are welcome to us.
It would seem - just some cases - to restore access rights: Spotlight -> DiskUtility -> FirstAid ... and where is Repair Permission now?
As it turned out, this option is no longer available through the GUI.
However, as Google tells us (for example, osxdaily.com/2015/11/04/verify-repair-permissions-mac-os-x ), this can still be done via the command line:
sudo /usr/libexec/repair_packages --repair --standard-pkgs / So all we need to do is restore sudo to it ... working sudo! Somewhat ironic, isn't it?
Nevertheless, there is a way out.
In order to fix the rights you need:
1. login as a user with administrator rights
2. access root user
3. change permissions to the / private / etc folder
1. login as a user with administrator rights
With the first paragraph, I will not help you. If your account already has administrator rights - use it. If not, find your administrator.
2. access root user
In order to gain access to root, run the Directory Utility application. I would recommend opening it through Spotlight .
After starting the program, click on the lock and enter your user’s password so that “Directory Utility” allows you to make changes.
Go to the Edit menu. If you have the item "Enable Root User" start with it. If instead of this item you see "Disable Root User" , then immediately select "Change Root Password ..."
Enter the password and repeat it for control. Decent people do not use the same password for root as their regular user.
3. change permissions to the / private / etc folder
Run Terminal (this, again, can be done via Spotlight ).
Enter the su command.
When you enter this command, the system will ask you for a password. You need to keep the root password. It is the one that you set in the second step, not your regular password.
$ su Password: If you entered it correctly, then you will receive a command line prompt with a grid on the end. Sort of:
$ su Password: bash-3.2# So, we are just one step away from success. It remains to change the permissions and check the result. To change permissions, use the “chmod aug + rx / private / etc” command . To check the result - ls -la / private
$ su Password: bash-3.2# chmod aug+rx /private/etc bash-3.2# ls -la /private total 0 drwxr-xr-x@ 6 root wheel 204 Oct 1 10:20 . drwxr-xr-x 33 root wheel 1190 Nov 4 15:56 .. drwxr-xr-x 106 root wheel 3604 Nov 13 18:04 etc drwxr-xr-x 2 root wheel 68 Aug 23 02:28 tftpboot drwxrwxrwt 14 root wheel 476 Nov 16 11:18 tmp drwxr-xr-x 25 root wheel 850 Nov 4 17:02 var bash-3.2# Enjoy!
PS: For users who have experienced problems with the timezone , I would advise you once again to go into the settings via SystemPrefernces and disable / connect the automatic configuration.
Source: https://habr.com/ru/post/270969/
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