The current state of M2M (machine-to-machine) systems
Currently, there are widespread wireless technologies, with which most devices are already working. New systems are designed in such a way as to depend as little as possible on human actions.
In this review, a general concept of the M2M system is given, what it consists of and where this system is used, identify the advantages and disadvantages of this system, as well as identify its further development.
M2M - stands for machine-to-machine - literally means “from car to car”, i.e. data transfer takes place directly between devices. For example, data transfer from sensors to the processing server.
The M2M system includes peripherals, communication equipment and software.
Peripheral nodes include various kinds of sensors that determine the parameters required by the client. For example, in fuel consumption monitoring systems, these are fluid level sensors.
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When the necessary information from the sensors is received, it is converted into digital signals and transmitted over the network. Signal transmission provides communication equipment. For data transmission, at present, the GSM network is mainly used as the medium, which is a developed infrastructure in almost all regions, has high reliability, low cost and the ability to transmit data to stationary or moving objects. GPRS / EDGE, CSD / HSCSD and SMS are used as data transport in M2M solutions.
The software allows you to analyze the data that came from the sensors, make any decisions and send commands to devices.
Diagram 1 shows the main areas of application for M2M systems, based on MTS analysis.
Diagram 1. Main areas of application of M2M systems
The main and main advantage of M2M is the possibility of the existence of a system that does not require human intervention. For example, systems that independently transfer data from household meters to utilities, which simplifies the process of collecting and further payment of utilities.
Another promising example of the use of M2M systems is the “Store of the Future” project - the so-called “smart” carts, as well as a common information system that controls the interaction of all elements of the store. Products are marked with RFID tags, and readers are installed on carts that automatically transmit information about the composition and quantity of goods. Thus, the “smart” cart tells the checkout how much and what kind of goods you have taken, and the checkout will automatically make payments and accept payment from your card. On the scale of large retail chains, this will optimize logistics, significantly reduce personnel costs, and for customers, visiting stores will be more convenient and will take less time.
The disadvantages of the M2M system at the moment are the lack of generally accepted standards for machine-to-machine interaction at the application level. The lack of a single protocol makes it impossible to directly interact, for example, a refrigerator and a supermarket.
Another disadvantage is the high cost of services of telecom operators, in the case of creating a wireless M2M system that transmits data over the GSM network. The complexity for the implementation of such M2M also creates an incomplete network coverage area. Key issues for the Russian market are presented in figure 2.
Diagram 2. Key problems of the development of M2M services in Russia
Further miniaturization and cheapening of components of machine-to-machine interaction systems will reduce their cost and expand the intellectual capabilities of individual elements and M2M systems as a whole. At the same time, the use of cloud computing will reduce the requirements for the intelligence of M2M devices. As a result, the cost of the entire M2M systems will decrease.
1. I.V. Dianov, M2M: Using GSM Networks for Data Transmission in Territorially Distributed Technological Systems, ed. "Communication Herald" â„–10, 2009
2. “MTS analyzed the market of mobile M2M services in Russia in the first half of 2012” [Electronic resource] / Access mode: www.content-review.com/articles/20275
3. "Between them, machines: M2M magic" [Electronic resource] / Access Mode: ibusiness.ru/blogs/19269
4. “Articles: What is M2M?” [Electronic resource] / Access Mode: www.altalabs.ru/articles/?news_id=23
5. “NVision Group - Cloud for Machines” [Electronic resource] / Access mode: www.nvg.ru/news/publication_in_the_press/cloud-for-machines
6. "The market of M2M communications in Russia and in the world" [Electronic resource] / Access mode:
www.json.ru/poleznye_materialy/free_market_watches/analytics/rynok_m2m-kommunikacij_v_rossii_i_v_mire
In this review, a general concept of the M2M system is given, what it consists of and where this system is used, identify the advantages and disadvantages of this system, as well as identify its further development.
M2M - stands for machine-to-machine - literally means “from car to car”, i.e. data transfer takes place directly between devices. For example, data transfer from sensors to the processing server.
The M2M system includes peripherals, communication equipment and software.
Peripheral nodes include various kinds of sensors that determine the parameters required by the client. For example, in fuel consumption monitoring systems, these are fluid level sensors.
')
When the necessary information from the sensors is received, it is converted into digital signals and transmitted over the network. Signal transmission provides communication equipment. For data transmission, at present, the GSM network is mainly used as the medium, which is a developed infrastructure in almost all regions, has high reliability, low cost and the ability to transmit data to stationary or moving objects. GPRS / EDGE, CSD / HSCSD and SMS are used as data transport in M2M solutions.
The software allows you to analyze the data that came from the sensors, make any decisions and send commands to devices.
Diagram 1 shows the main areas of application for M2M systems, based on MTS analysis.
Diagram 1. Main areas of application of M2M systems
The main and main advantage of M2M is the possibility of the existence of a system that does not require human intervention. For example, systems that independently transfer data from household meters to utilities, which simplifies the process of collecting and further payment of utilities.
Another promising example of the use of M2M systems is the “Store of the Future” project - the so-called “smart” carts, as well as a common information system that controls the interaction of all elements of the store. Products are marked with RFID tags, and readers are installed on carts that automatically transmit information about the composition and quantity of goods. Thus, the “smart” cart tells the checkout how much and what kind of goods you have taken, and the checkout will automatically make payments and accept payment from your card. On the scale of large retail chains, this will optimize logistics, significantly reduce personnel costs, and for customers, visiting stores will be more convenient and will take less time.
The disadvantages of the M2M system at the moment are the lack of generally accepted standards for machine-to-machine interaction at the application level. The lack of a single protocol makes it impossible to directly interact, for example, a refrigerator and a supermarket.
Another disadvantage is the high cost of services of telecom operators, in the case of creating a wireless M2M system that transmits data over the GSM network. The complexity for the implementation of such M2M also creates an incomplete network coverage area. Key issues for the Russian market are presented in figure 2.
Diagram 2. Key problems of the development of M2M services in Russia
Further miniaturization and cheapening of components of machine-to-machine interaction systems will reduce their cost and expand the intellectual capabilities of individual elements and M2M systems as a whole. At the same time, the use of cloud computing will reduce the requirements for the intelligence of M2M devices. As a result, the cost of the entire M2M systems will decrease.
Literature
1. I.V. Dianov, M2M: Using GSM Networks for Data Transmission in Territorially Distributed Technological Systems, ed. "Communication Herald" â„–10, 2009
2. “MTS analyzed the market of mobile M2M services in Russia in the first half of 2012” [Electronic resource] / Access mode: www.content-review.com/articles/20275
3. "Between them, machines: M2M magic" [Electronic resource] / Access Mode: ibusiness.ru/blogs/19269
4. “Articles: What is M2M?” [Electronic resource] / Access Mode: www.altalabs.ru/articles/?news_id=23
5. “NVision Group - Cloud for Machines” [Electronic resource] / Access mode: www.nvg.ru/news/publication_in_the_press/cloud-for-machines
6. "The market of M2M communications in Russia and in the world" [Electronic resource] / Access mode:
www.json.ru/poleznye_materialy/free_market_watches/analytics/rynok_m2m-kommunikacij_v_rossii_i_v_mire
Source: https://habr.com/ru/post/243101/
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