Cubietruck. Cozy home server

Recently bought just such beauty.
I played with Android on it and decided to make a home server to replace RaspberryPI.

* The picture is not mine ... if I take out the trash - I will make my own.

From the author, i.e. me:
Do not judge strictly, this is my first article.
I will be glad to constructive criticism and help from more skilled users!
Thank you in advance!

Based on - http://www.cubieforums.com/index.php/topic,1650.0.html

Well, let's start perhaps!

Introduction
System Installation
Installing the system in NAND
Installing the system on SD
Transferring the system to SATA
Transferring the system to NAND
First start
SSH port change
Network configuration
Set time zone
Auto mount HDD partition
Server Tuning
Installing Nginx + php5-fpm + mysql
Installing the Transmission Client Torrent
Install samba
Remote control Ajenti / Webmin

1. Introduction

The main task was to replace the raspberry with something more nimble and with a normal access speed to the hard disk, since The main purpose of this server is file server, media server, torrent.
Stopped at Cubietruck, she is the same Cubieboard3.
Characteristics already slipped on habrahabr.ru/post/186576
In addition, I bought a 1TB SATA HDD Hitachi 7K1000
Since on Habré did not see a complete guide to setting up this device, I decided to make my guide with go and geishas.

2. System installation

For CubieTruck'a there are several different distributions.
Today I will consider installing and configuring Cubian.

Installing the system in NAND

I personally do not like this installation option because NAND has a limited number of write / rewrite cycles, and if you have a SQL server, these cycles will end very quickly. IMHO!
Download the required image here.

If you are a Linux user, then:

Take LinuxSuite from here (there are 32 and 64-bit versions)
Launch Livesuite

$ ~/Bin/LiveSuit/LiveSuit.sh

screen

Choose a fill image

screen

')
Put the device in FEL mode
1. Clamp the FEL button

screen

Wait until the image is completely poured onto your device.

screen

Now you can disconnect the device from the PC and run it separately))

If you are a Windows user, then:

- Take from here PhoenixSuite.

Launch PhoenixSuite:

screen

Choose a fill image

screen

Put the device in EFL mode
1. Clamp the EFL button

screen

2. Plug the miniusb cable into the board and wait for a request from Livesuite.
ATTENTION: many USB ports will not give the necessary power to the board, so before clicking “Yes” - connect the board to the power supply (5V is recommended at least 3A)
3. Click "Yes"

Wait until the image is completely poured onto your device.
Now you can disconnect the device from the PC and run it separately.

Installing the system on an SD card

Download the desired image from here :
I will use the Cubian distribution for example.
If you have Linux:
Unzip the downloaded archive.
Write the image to your SD card

 dd if=__ of=/dev/_sd_ bs=4096; sync

For example:

 dd if=/home/pupkin/Cubian-base-r5-a20-ct.img of=/dev/sdb1 bs=4096; sync

When finished, you can pull out the card and install it in your Cubietruck.

If you are a Windows user:
- Download Image writer, github.com/downloads/openSUSE/kiwi/ImageWriter.exe or cubieplayer.imtqy.com/Cubian/tools/;
- Unzip the file;
- Rename the file from img to raw (the program finds only such an extension).
- Write the image to your SD card:

Transferring the system to SATA disk

To transfer the system from the NAND partition to the SATA disk, you need to execute several commands:
log in as root

 sudo su - root

create folders for mounting partitions

 mkdir /tmp/1 /tmp/target

mount the NAND partition

 mount /dev/nandb /tmp/1

Format SATA partition in ext4

 mkfs.ext4 /dev/sda1

we mount SATA section

 mount /dev/sda1 /tmp/target

Moving the system

 (cd /tmp/1; tar --backup -c *) |tar -C /tmp/target -xv

Changing download settings

 mount /dev/nanda /mnt/ nano /mnt/uEnv.txt

(Replace root = / dev / sda1)
As a result, the file should look like this:

 cat /mnt/uEnv.txt root=/dev/sda1 extraargs=console=tty0 hdmi.audio=EDID:0 disp.screen0_output_mode=EDID:1280x720p50 rootwait panic=10 rootfstype=ext4 rootflags=discard

Sync our changes

 sync

Unmount the partition

 umount /mnt

and reboot!

 reboot

Transferring the system from the SD card to the NAND partition

After copying the image and booting from the SD card, you can transfer your system to the NAND partition using one simple command:

 sudo ~/nandinstall/install.sh

If there is no such script in your distribution, you can download and install it:

 apt-get install cubian-nandinstall && sudo cubian-nandinstall

3. First start

So, going into my home router, I saw that my cube got the address 192.168.0.108
Connect to it. If you connect from a Linux machine, then open the terminal and write

 ssh -p 36000 192.168.0.108 -l cubie

Where 36000 is the port for an SSH connection. For security reasons, a non-standard port has been selected, how to change it is written here . cubie is a username, password is also cubie
After that, the connection should go through and a message will appear about adding the SSH connection key to the key database. It appears only once, when adding a new key + device combination. We write yes.
If you connect from a Windows machine, then select an SSH client to your taste, in most cases, it is Putty.

Connect and first change the user password:

 sudo passwd cubie

And we create a root user, which was absent by default for security reasons, but we will need it later, so create it now:

 sudo passwd root

Change SSH port

If you are not satisfied with the port 36000 for SSH access, you can change it to the standard port 22:
Open the file / etc / ssh / sshd_config

 sudo nano /etc/ssh/sshd_config

Find the line

 Port 36000

Change to

 Port 22

Now the cube is available like this:

 ssh cubie@192.168.0.108

Network configuration

By default, the settings are stored in the / etc / network / interfaces file.
Let's see what we have:

 sudo cat /etc/network/interfaces

We see the default network configuration

 auto eth0 allow-hotplug eth0 iface eth0 inet dhcp

auto eth0 means autoconfiguring the interface when booting
allow-hotplug eth0 and iface eth0 inet dhcp means that when the Linux kernel detects the eth0 physical interface, the allow-hotplug line will raise it, and the iface line will assign it a DHCP address.
Attention! This configuration sets the network address by DHCP if the cable is connected at boot. If the cable was not connected at boot, the download is blocked for one minute to wait for DHCP timeout. Thus, if you don’t need a wired network at all, then comment out or delete the auto eth0 line in / etc / network / interfaces, this will save you some time at boot.
To comment out just add # before auto eth0, it looks like #auto eth0
You can still raise and configure the interface manually by running the command

 ifup eth0

If you need to register a permanent address to the cube, here is an example configuration

 allow-hotplug eth0 iface eth0 inet static address 192.168.1.110 netmask 255.255.255.0 gateway 192.168.1.1 dns-nameservers 192.168.1.1

Although I am more inclined to automatically assign the address from the router.

Wifi setup
Module loading

 modprobe bcmdhd

In order for the wi-fi autorun to load when the system starts, add the line “bcmdhd” to the end of the / etc / modules file.

Examples of commands for using wi-fi:

 iwlist scan iwconfig wlan0 essid "ssid" key xxxx iwconfig wlan0 ifconfig wlan0 up dhclient wlan0

Set time zone

Set the time zone

 dpkg-reconfigure tzdata

We add servers:

 sudo nano /etc/ntp.conf

 server 0.debian.pool.ntp.org iburst server 1.debian.pool.ntp.org iburst server 0.ru.pool.ntp.org iburst server 1.ru.pool.ntp.org iburst

- you can get the nearest servers from here - www.pool.ntp.org

 sudo /etc/init.d/ntp start

Auto mount HDD partition

There are already a huge number of articles on mounting partitions, but since I also need it, add to complete the picture.

Create a folder where the HDD will be mounted

 sudo mkdir /media/files

We give read / write access for all users.

 sudo chmod 777 /media/files

To see which sections we write on hdd

 sudo fdisk -l

We look at the end and see about the following

fdsik -l

  Disk / dev / sda: 1000.2 GB, 1000204886016 bytes
 255 heads, 63 sectors / track, 121601 cylinders, total 1953525168 sectors
 Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
 Sector size (logical / physical): 512 bytes / 4096 bytes
 I / O size (minimum / optimal): 4096 bytes / 4096 bytes
 Disk identifier: 0x673511d7

    Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
 / dev / sda1 2048 33556479 16777216 83 Linux
 / dev / sda2 33556480 1953525167 959984344 5 Extended
 / dev / sda5 33558528 1953525167 959983320 83 Linux

I have three partitions on the HDD, I will mount the third (/ dev / sda5)
Find out the UUID of our section:

 sudo blkid

Example output:

blkid

 / dev / nanda: SEC_TYPE = "msdos" LABEL = "Volumn" TYPE = "vfat"
 / dev / nandb: UUID = "fc870bf6-cf02-4f17-aab6-a2ee56137668" TYPE = "ext4"
 / dev / sda1: UUID = "df0f786f-4b74-4710-a128-412b81a6bece" TYPE = "ext4"
 / dev / sda5: UUID = "4dc5f707-d7fa-4a48-ad32-efddb23cbf97" TYPE = "ext4"

We need the line / dev / sda5, copy everything in quotes

 
  4dc5f707-d7fa-4a48-ad32-efddb23cbf97

Remember you have this line will be different!
Next, open / etc / fstab:

 sudo nano /etc/fstab

Add to the very end:

 UUID=4dc5f707-d7fa-4a48-ad32-efddb23cbf97 /media/files ext4 defaults,acl,user,user_xattr,errors=remount-ro

* exhibit attributes to your liking
Records are separated either by a space or a tab
Reboot:

 sudo reboot

After reboot check

 mount

mount

/ dev / root on / type ext4 (rw, relatime, discard, data = ordered)
devtmpfs on / dev type devtmpfs (rw, relatime, size = 934508k, nr_inodes = 137526, mode = 755)
tmpfs on / run type tmpfs (rw, nosuid, noexec, relatime, size = 186924k, mode = 755)
tmpfs on / run / lock type tmpfs (rw, nosuid, nodev, noexec, relatime, size = 5120k)
proc on / proc type proc (rw, nosuid, nodev, noexec, relatime)
sysfs on / sys type sysfs (rw, nosuid, nodev, noexec, relatime)
tmpfs on / run / shm type tmpfs (rw, nosuid, nodev, noexec, relatime, size = 373840k)
devpts on / dev / pts type devpts (rw, nosuid, noexec, relatime, gid = 5, mode = 620, ptmxmode = 000)
tmpfs on / tmp type tmpfs (rw, relatime)
tmpfs on / var / tmp type tmpfs (rw, relatime)
/ dev / sda5 on / media / files type ext4 (rw, nosuid, nodev, noexec, relatime, errors = remount-ro, data = ordered)

We see that the third section is mounted in the desired folder.

4. Setting up the server

Well, since my cube is still a server, we set up samba, nginx, transmission.
You can use the script github.com/igorpecovnik/Debian-micro-home-server

 sudo apt-get -y install git cd ~ git clone https://github.com/igorpecovnik/Debian-micro-home-server chmod +x ./Debian-micro-home-server/install.sh cd ./Debian-micro-home-server sudo ./install.sh

Or install just what you need

Installing Nginx + php5-fpm + mysql

Install nginx:

 sudo apt-get install nginx

Run

 sudo /etc/init.d/nginx start

Open the browser, write the address of the cube.
We see the following inscription

Welcome to nginx!

Server is running
For example, our sites will be stored on an already mounted hard disk.
For this you need to fix the nginx config

 sudo nano /etc/nginx/sites-available/default

Find the line

 root /usr/share/nginx/www

Change to

 root /media/files/www

Save, close the gear
Do not forget to give nginx user access to the folder:

 sudo chown www-data -R /media/files/www/ sudo chmod 0755 -R /media/files/www/

Restart nginx

 sudo /etc/init.d/nginx restart

 sudo service nginx restart

For static sites, this is, in principle, sufficient.
If you need php scripts - continue to edit / etc / nginx / sites-available / default
Find the line in the file:

 index index.html index.htm

Through the space we add

 index.php

Now enable php processing .

Find the block

 # pass the PHP scripts to FastCGI server listening on 127.0.0.1:9000
         #
         #location ~ \ .php $ {
         # fastcgi_split_path_info ^ (. + \. php) (/.+) $;
         # # NOTE: You should have "cgi.fix_pathinfo = 0;"  in php.ini
         #
         # # With php5-cgi alone:
         # fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000;
         # # With php5-fpm:
         # fastcgi_pass unix: /var/run/php5-fpm.sock;
         # fastcgi_index index.php;
         # include fastcgi_params;
         #}

Change to

 # pass the PHP scripts to FastCGI server listening on 127.0.0.1:9000
         #
         location ~ \ .php $ {
                fastcgi_split_path_info ^ (. + \. php) (/.+) $;
         # # NOTE: You should have "cgi.fix_pathinfo = 0;"  in php.ini
         #
         # # With php5-cgi alone:
         # fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000;
         # # With php5-fpm:
                fastcgi_pass unix: /var/run/php5-fpm.sock;
                fastcgi_index index.php;
                include fastcgi_params;
         }

Install mysql

 sudo apt-get -y install mysql-client mysql-server openssl libsasl2-modules

Install php5-fpm and modules

 sudo apt-get install -y php5-fpm sudo apt-get install -y php5-mysql php5-curl php5-gd php5-intl php-pear php5-imagick php5-imap php5-mcrypt php5-memcache php5-memcached php5-ming php5-ps php5-pspell php5-recode php5-snmp php5-sqlite php5-tidy php5-xmlrpc php5-xsl memcached sudo apt-get install -y php-apc sudo apt-get install -y fcgiwrap

Installing the Transmission Client Torrent

Transmission-daemon installation

 sudo apt-get install transmission-daemon

After the installation is completed, the service automatically starts with the default settings, stop it

 sudo /etc/init.d/transmission-daemon stop

 service transmission-daemon stop

Now edit the config

 sudo nano /etc/transmission-daemon/settings.json

All parameters will not be considered, the most basic

 "download-dir": "/var/lib/transmission-daemon/downloads"

Upload Files Path
Change to your, for example:

 "download-dir": "/mnt/hdd"

Ps I hope you have a hard drive mounted on this path

We allow forwarding, remembering to enable UPnP in our router

 "port-forwarding-enabled": false,

Change to

 "port-forwarding-enabled": true

If you want to log in to the web interface with a password, leave:

 "rpc-enabled": true

otherwise change to:

 "rpc-enabled": false

Delete everything in quotes, write the desired password instead. The password when the daemon starts is encrypted.

 "rpc-password": "{f40c259f547fb2b99f7faa1e27d6e9b31905e9c1DcVjhWHD"

For example:

 "rpc-password": "cubietruck"

The port on which we hang the web interface

 "rpc-port": 9091

Username:

 "rpc-username": "transmission"

change to your favorite:

 "rpc-username": "pupkin"

We leave, if we want to access to the web interface only from the local machine:

 "rpc-whitelist-enabled": true

otherwise we change

 "rpc-whitelist-enabled": false

Save the config

We start service

 sudo /etc/init.d/transmission-daemon start

 service transmission-daemon start

Now we’ll check if the service and web interface started, open the address in the browser

 http://ip__:9091

If we see an invitation to enter a login and password, then the transmission works.

Install samba

 sudo apt-get install samba samba-common-bin

Since my cube is in the home network, I decided not to set a password for access to folders, but simply set up a public sharing for the entire network.
To do this, open the smb.conf file:

 sudo nano /etc/samba/smb.conf

Instead of all the existing content we write:

 [global] workgroup = WORKGROUP guest ok = yes netbios name = cubieT security = share browseable = yes [files] path = /media/files writeable = yes browseable = yes

<

We save. Restart Samba:

 sudo /etc/init.d/samba restart

From this point on, a new cubieT device has appeared on your network, which has a files folder.
In it, you can create any files that can be viewed on the entire network using a browser.

5. Remote control Ajenti / Webmin

Webmin , the market leader in free server administration software, has many plug-ins for every taste.
Consider installing it.
Add the Webmin repository to the repository list

 sudo nano /etc/apt/sources.list

Insert at the end of the list the following lines

 deb http://download.webmin.com/download/repository sarge contrib deb http://webmin.mirror.somersettechsolutions.co.uk/repository sarge contrib

Save, exit the editor.
Add the repository key to the list of keys, for this you need to be under the root.
Turn on the superuser, go to the root home folder, download the key, install.

 sudo su cd /root wget http://www.webmin.com/jcameron-key.asc apt-key add jcameron-key.asc

Update the list of packages, install webmin

 sudo apt-get update && apt-get install webmin

All dependencies will be installed automatically.

We open the browser, we write

 https://ip__:10000

The browser swears and offers to leave the site, but we add the site to the trusted zone and enter.
We try to first enter the user cubie, if not, then the root.

You can disable encryption (https):
Open webmin configuration file

 sudo nano /etc/webmin/miniserv.conf

find the line

 ssl=1

1 change to 0
Restart webmin

 sudo /etc/init.d/webmin restart

Now webmin works at

 http://ip__:10000

If you are not comfortable with webmin, you can try ajenti. Moreover, no additional movements need to be done, ajenti is already installed in Cubian, you just need to update the system and it will work.
After upgrading the system will be available at

 http://ip__:8000

*** Plans to deal with GPIO features, since On Malinka, a small data logger was organized from the DHT22 and DS18B20 sensors.

Source: https://habr.com/ru/post/225371/

All Articles

Cubietruck. Cozy home server

From the author, i.e. me:
Do not judge strictly, this is my first article.
I will be glad to constructive criticism and help from more skilled users!
Thank you in advance!

1. Introduction

2. System installation

Installing the system in NAND

If you are a Linux user, then:

If you are a Windows user, then:

Installing the system on an SD card

Transferring the system to SATA disk

Transferring the system from the SD card to the NAND partition

3. First start

Change SSH port

Network configuration

Set time zone

Auto mount HDD partition

4. Setting up the server

Installing Nginx + php5-fpm + mysql

Installing the Transmission Client Torrent

Install samba

5. Remote control Ajenti / Webmin

More articles:

Cubietruck. Cozy home server

From the author, i.e. me:Do not judge strictly, this is my first article.I will be glad to constructive criticism and help from more skilled users!Thank you in advance!

1. Introduction

2. System installation

Installing the system in NAND

If you are a Linux user, then:

If you are a Windows user, then:

Installing the system on an SD card

Transferring the system to SATA disk

Transferring the system from the SD card to the NAND partition

3. First start

Change SSH port

Network configuration

Set time zone

Auto mount HDD partition

4. Setting up the server

Installing Nginx + php5-fpm + mysql

Installing the Transmission Client Torrent

Install samba

5. Remote control Ajenti / Webmin

More articles:

From the author, i.e. me:
Do not judge strictly, this is my first article.
I will be glad to constructive criticism and help from more skilled users!
Thank you in advance!