Global losses from friction in buses and trucks - the numbers are fascinating
Recently, several of the world's leading experts in the field of tribology have published a report entitled “ Global energy consumption due to friction in trucks and buses ”, which loosely translates as “Global energy loss due to friction in buses and trucks”. Highlights:
The report analyzed friction losses in engines, transmissions, tires, accessories and brakes. The authors studied four main categories of vehicles (hereinafter the CU): single trucks, various combinations of tractors with trailers, city buses and tourist buses. Friction losses were analyzed based on previously published data. The friction coefficients were evaluated for the following cases:
The last point, to some extent, is the result of fantasy, but based on the authority of the authors, it can be used as a probable estimate of the near future. (note my).
The scheme of the main energy losses is as follows:
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As we see, 33% of fuel is spent on overcoming friction in the engine, transmission and tires. In this case, the actual movement of the car takes only 34% percent of the fuel, the rest simply heats the atmosphere. Electrification of city buses is not only beneficial in terms of improving efficiency, but also allows reducing indirect losses due to friction - according to estimates, such losses in electric vehicles are about half as compared to similar diesel ones.
But even if you do not translate all the buses to the electric right now, reducing friction in the mechanisms will save huge amounts of fuel. The introduction of the already known and the development of new mechanisms to reduce friction, according to estimates, can reduce losses by 14% in the short term (from 4 to 8 years) and by 37% in the long term (from 8 to 12 years). Currently we are talking about the following areas:
The good news is that all these areas can be developed in parallel, uniting their strengths and leveling the weaknesses. So, from my point of view, the forecast “37% for 12 years” looks very realistic.
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- In 2012, with the operation of the global fleet of trucks and buses, 180,000 million liters of fuel is spent only on overcoming the friction forces.
- “New Tribology” can save 105,000 million euros and 75,000 million liters of fuel annually, while it is expected to reduce CO2 emissions by 200 million tons.
The report analyzed friction losses in engines, transmissions, tires, accessories and brakes. The authors studied four main categories of vehicles (hereinafter the CU): single trucks, various combinations of tractors with trailers, city buses and tourist buses. Friction losses were analyzed based on previously published data. The friction coefficients were evaluated for the following cases:
- Average modern vehicle;
- Vehicle built using the best commercial technology currently available;
- TC, which uses the most advanced technologies known today;
- The vehicle that can be built using new technologies that will be created in the next 12 years.
The last point, to some extent, is the result of fantasy, but based on the authority of the authors, it can be used as a probable estimate of the near future. (note my).
The scheme of the main energy losses is as follows:
')
As we see, 33% of fuel is spent on overcoming friction in the engine, transmission and tires. In this case, the actual movement of the car takes only 34% percent of the fuel, the rest simply heats the atmosphere. Electrification of city buses is not only beneficial in terms of improving efficiency, but also allows reducing indirect losses due to friction - according to estimates, such losses in electric vehicles are about half as compared to similar diesel ones.
But even if you do not translate all the buses to the electric right now, reducing friction in the mechanisms will save huge amounts of fuel. The introduction of the already known and the development of new mechanisms to reduce friction, according to estimates, can reduce losses by 14% in the short term (from 4 to 8 years) and by 37% in the long term (from 8 to 12 years). Currently we are talking about the following areas:
- Further improvement of lubricating oils (extensive).
- Development and implementation of low friction coatings (diamond-like films, multilayer coatings, graphene, etc.).
- Modification of friction surfaces (metal texturing, tire optimization to reduce rolling friction).
The good news is that all these areas can be developed in parallel, uniting their strengths and leveling the weaknesses. So, from my point of view, the forecast “37% for 12 years” looks very realistic.
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The text was prepared in the Blog Editor from © SoftCoder.ru
Source: https://habr.com/ru/post/223573/
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