From amber to polymer
624 ... 546 BC e.
The ancient Greek philosopher Thales of Miletus, or his daughter (historians have not yet been able to determine this for sure), discovered (a) the ability of grated amber to pull down feathers, hair, and paper.
Yantar was called an electron, and then new words appeared - electricity, electrification, static electricity, triboelectricity .
Nowadays.
Professor of the Faculty of Materials Science and Engineering at the Georgia Institute of Technology, Zhong Lin Wang, who worked with piezoelectricity, made a small mistake, which resulted in an abnormally high energy output when using the effect of triboelectricity. Instead of wool and amber, he tries various modern polymeric materials, such as polyethylene terephthalate (polyester) and other plastics.
More such mistakes that lead to great discoveries!
After six months of hard work, in July 2012, a device was created that produces 18 volts with a current of 0.13 μA per square centimeter and the possibility of parallel connection of these elements.
He does not stop at this abnormally modest achievement.
All past time, he and his group, with the help of sponsors in the person of the National Science Foundation, the US Department of Energy, the National Institute of Materials in Japan, Samsung, and the Chinese Academy of Sciences did not waste time.
')
And here is a new (certainly not the last) achievement.
December 9, 2013 there is news and not one , about another victory over electricity hidden in substances.
Now with a square meter of material they can get 300 watts, and with parallel connection of elements - 400 kW per cubic meter of generator with an efficiency of 50%.
Since the beginning of the research, the Zhong Lin Wan group has achieved an increase in the output power of the generator on the triboelectric effect by 100,000 times.
Van and Google translator explain this phenomenon as follows:
In its simplest form, the triboelectric generator uses two sheets of dissimilar materials, one gives up electrons, the other accepts. When the sheets are together, the charges are equal. If the sheets are separated, one sheet receives an electrical charge. If the electrical load is connected to two electrodes located on the outer edges of the two surfaces, a small current will flow, leveling the charges. By continuously repeating the process, you can get alternating current.
Many interesting ideas become available.
The use of the generator is very diverse, from rain sensors to the generation of electrical energy to power the instruments and collect energy from waves, rain, walking, and the movement of cars. By applying a transparent generator (until 75% transparency is achieved), you can get energy when you tap the screen of a tablet or phone.
Wang himself and his research team intend to continue working on the generators and sensors in order to improve their performance and sensitivity. The size of the generator will decrease and the output power will increase due to the use of several layers.
PS
As promised, Zhong Lin Wang continued his work .
His group has created a self-charging battery. The battery has a thickness of less than a millimeter, in it, between the electrodes is a film of polyvinylidene fluoride containing particles of the piezoelectric PZT (lead zirconate-titanate). Currently, the battery having the size of the classical lithium type 2032, has a capacity of 0.010 mA x hour. An example of application is the use of the energy of pressing buttons on a calculator to charge this battery, located on them.
The ancient Greek philosopher Thales of Miletus, or his daughter (historians have not yet been able to determine this for sure), discovered (a) the ability of grated amber to pull down feathers, hair, and paper.
Yantar was called an electron, and then new words appeared - electricity, electrification, static electricity, triboelectricity .
Nowadays.
Professor of the Faculty of Materials Science and Engineering at the Georgia Institute of Technology, Zhong Lin Wang, who worked with piezoelectricity, made a small mistake, which resulted in an abnormally high energy output when using the effect of triboelectricity. Instead of wool and amber, he tries various modern polymeric materials, such as polyethylene terephthalate (polyester) and other plastics.
More such mistakes that lead to great discoveries!
After six months of hard work, in July 2012, a device was created that produces 18 volts with a current of 0.13 μA per square centimeter and the possibility of parallel connection of these elements.
He does not stop at this abnormally modest achievement.
All past time, he and his group, with the help of sponsors in the person of the National Science Foundation, the US Department of Energy, the National Institute of Materials in Japan, Samsung, and the Chinese Academy of Sciences did not waste time.
')
And here is a new (certainly not the last) achievement.
December 9, 2013 there is news and not one , about another victory over electricity hidden in substances.
Now with a square meter of material they can get 300 watts, and with parallel connection of elements - 400 kW per cubic meter of generator with an efficiency of 50%.
Since the beginning of the research, the Zhong Lin Wan group has achieved an increase in the output power of the generator on the triboelectric effect by 100,000 times.
Van and Google translator explain this phenomenon as follows:
In its simplest form, the triboelectric generator uses two sheets of dissimilar materials, one gives up electrons, the other accepts. When the sheets are together, the charges are equal. If the sheets are separated, one sheet receives an electrical charge. If the electrical load is connected to two electrodes located on the outer edges of the two surfaces, a small current will flow, leveling the charges. By continuously repeating the process, you can get alternating current.
Many interesting ideas become available.
The use of the generator is very diverse, from rain sensors to the generation of electrical energy to power the instruments and collect energy from waves, rain, walking, and the movement of cars. By applying a transparent generator (until 75% transparency is achieved), you can get energy when you tap the screen of a tablet or phone.
Wang himself and his research team intend to continue working on the generators and sensors in order to improve their performance and sensitivity. The size of the generator will decrease and the output power will increase due to the use of several layers.
PS
As promised, Zhong Lin Wang continued his work .
His group has created a self-charging battery. The battery has a thickness of less than a millimeter, in it, between the electrodes is a film of polyvinylidene fluoride containing particles of the piezoelectric PZT (lead zirconate-titanate). Currently, the battery having the size of the classical lithium type 2032, has a capacity of 0.010 mA x hour. An example of application is the use of the energy of pressing buttons on a calculator to charge this battery, located on them.
Source: https://habr.com/ru/post/205726/
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