Simple-Science - Simple Microwave Experiments (Digest # 16)

This digest of " Simple experiences " is not quite similar to all previous ones. And it's not in the microwave. Today we have tried to give each experience an explanation: " Why is this happening ." If anyone has any comments or comments, we will be grateful for them.

Today in the "microwave":

• incandescent and fluorescent;
• laundry soap and toilet;
• packs with chips;
• laser discs;
• metal pins;
• balloon.

Attention:

Experiments can be dangerous not only for health, but also for a microwave oven.
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See below 6 videos.

Microwave Bulbs

Why lamps glow in the microwave

Electromagnetic waves penetrate through the glass and, creating eddy currents on the surface of a tungsten filament, heat it. The thread is burning hot and shining. In the bulb with a torn filament due to microwaves, an electric arc is formed, which allows you to see the glow.

In a fluorescent lamp, luminescence is seen by converting ultraviolet radiation into visible light by means of phosphor (a special substance that covers the inner walls of the bulb). more

Microwave soap

Why soap swells in the microwave

The main component of solid soap are sodium salts of higher fatty acids. Also in its composition there is water, perfumes, and other additives (optional).

Microwaves primarily heat the water in the soap, and it boils, turns into steam. The gas, expanding, seeks to be released and puts pressure on a solid foundation around itself. Bubbles form that churn the mass. Most of them "break through" and steam is released, leaving behind a finely porous structure. This is how foaming soap occurs in a waterless environment. more

Bundles of chips in the microwave

Why package sparks in the microwave

Typically for packages used polypropylene film coated with a thin layer of aluminum and paint.

Waves do not penetrate into the package, as they are reflected from the metal layer. In this case, induced currents are formed on the surface. In some places, an electric arc arises, which creates the effect of lightning - a sparkling surface. Under the influence of current metal heats up. Behind him because of the high temperature melts the inner layer of polypropylene. When melting, it “skukozhivaetsya” like a regular plastic bottle, if you pour it boiling cool water. Polypropylene starts to bubble and turns a sealed bag into a sieve bag (simply, full of holes). After this, the sparking almost stops! Why suddenly?

The fact is that now microwaves can penetrate and be absorbed by the product through the holes in the package - chips. Therefore, the thermal and electrical load on the packaging is reduced. more

Laser discs in the microwave

Why drives sparkle in the microwave

The surface of the disk consists of several layers: protective, reflective and active. The reflective layer is metal, usually aluminum. There are several types and generations of optical discs. DVD and BD were used in this experience.

Microwaves pass through the protective layer and are reflected in the metal. And, as in the case of any metallic conductor, induced electricity occurs in it. Sparks are an electrical discharge. The metal heats and melts. The plastic that makes up the base also starts melting.

The difference in the degree of melting, the structure of the pattern on both disks and the force of the “spark” is explained by the unequal thickness and composition of the materials used to make their coatings. more

Metal pins in the microwave

Why metal pins sparkle and heat up to glow in the microwave

Our pins are metallic and, therefore, are conductors. The waves emitted by the furnace are not absorbed by the bodies, as is the case with products, and are not extinguished. Under the influence of the electromagnetic field, induced electricity and eddy currents arise in the conductor. The appearance of sparks is nothing more than an electrical discharge (arc) between two conductors that are close to each other.

The bodies in which such currents arise are heated. In this case, very much. This is explained by the Joule – Lenz law for thin conductors, from which it follows that the amount of heat released in a period of time is proportional to the product of the square of the amperage and resistance. And this is a lot. more

Microwave Balloon

Why a latex balloon bursts in the microwave

Balloons are usually made from latex. Latex is a natural or artificial aqueous dispersion of colloidal rubber particles stabilized by emulsifiers.

The key word here is "water." That is, the material for balloons contains water molecules. Latex transmits electromagnetic waves. In this case, the dipole water molecules under the influence of microwaves begin to rotate millions of times per second, creating friction. The result is an increase in the temperature of the substance. Latex begins to melt, the walls of the ball become thinner, and at some point it breaks under the pressure of air. In the place where the thickness is critical minimum for the pressure inside the ball. more

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