Ideal Technopark model
In St. Petersburg this year begins the active construction of the Ingria Technopark , the first high-tech park in the city. Since some still consider Technoparks to be something like a tram park, we will try to reveal in more detail what it is and why they are being built.
We will understand the concepts
To refer to high-tech parks, there are several similar terms: science park, technology park, research park. Wikipedia leads them as equals. Their use depends, rather, on the region: in Germany - Technology park, in England - Science Park, in the USA - Research park, in France - Technopole, etc.
Are technoparks spread around the world?
According to WAINOVA Atlas of Innovation, in 1,500 countries of the world there are 1,500 technology parks and about 1,000 more innovation centers. About 350,000 companies are their residents.
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The role and purpose of Technoparks
Technoparks are, above all, a locomotive, the core of the region's innovative development. The main goal of Technoparks is to increase the welfare of the region by creating the conditions for the commercialization of knowledge and technology.
Technoparks unite large technology companies and start-ups, universities and investment companies in one territory, form an active business environment and provide platforms and infrastructure for innovation activities.
Thus, Technoparks contribute to technology transfer, the creation of highly paid jobs, develop a culture of innovation and entrepreneurship.
To achieve these goals, according to the International Association of Scientific Parks IASP, Technopark:
• Manages the flow of knowledge and technology between universities, developers, companies and the market.
• Facilitates the creation of innovative companies through the incubation process (start-ups, spinoffs, etc.)
• Provides all necessary services , including quality premises and work spaces.
Technopark Models
Technoparks today are very diverse: in size, and by type of ownership, and by specialization.
Every 15-20 years, a new model of Technopark development appears (however, many Technoparks continue to work on the old models). In the 2000s, “III Generation” Technoparks were actively distributed. Now they are waiting for the fourth generation, but how it will be is not yet clear.
I - 50-70 years (Such technology parks dominate now). Science Pull. Technoparks at universities.
II - 80-90 years. Market Push. Companies began to think about the development of technology from universities and began to make industry technoparks. Provision of rental space and complex support services for innovative businesses.
III - 2000. Interactive "local flows" Technoparks become organizational structures.
They combine both previous ones and replaces the “linear model” of innovation with a network of interactions: university — business - power.
For a modern Technopark model, several components are considered important:
• Strong scientific and industrial base
• Availability of funding (mainly venture)
• Presence of entrepreneurs (startups, spinoffs)
• Network of relationships built on trust, on an individual level.
• Opportunities for interaction between universities, business, government, other structures.
Benefits for residents of Technoparks:
• Higher return on investment in development (lower cost, higher efficiency)
• Compliance of infrastructure with specific needs of technology companies.
• Maximum research activity, concentration of developers and services
Technoparks in Russia ( according to the Ministry of Communications and Mass Media ).
Technoparks in numbers:
291 resident company
6538 jobs
138 thousand square meters - the total area of ​​technoparks commissioned
6 billion rubles - expenses of the federal budget in 2007-2010.
3 billion rubles - extrabudgetary investments in 2009-2010.
36 billion rubles. - revenue of resident companies for 2007-2011.
6.089 billion rubles - the volume of federal subsidies in 2011-2014.
Dynamics of total revenue:
2009 - 7 billion., 2010 - 14 billion., 2011 - 15 billion.
Built by:
1. "West Siberian Innovation Center" in the Tyumen region
2. IT park in Kazan
3. The first stage of the Himgrad technopolis in Kazan
4. Akademgorodok in Novosibirsk
5. Kuzbass Technopark in Kemerovo (built only Business Incubator)
6. Mordovia (buildings built, commissioning works are underway)
Build:
1. Kaluga region (“Obninsk)
2. Nizhny Novgorod Region (IT Park Ankudinovka)
3. St. Petersburg ("Ingria")
4. Penza region (“Technopark of high technologies”)
5. Republic of Tatarstan, Naberezhnye Chelny (branch of Kazan IT Park)
6. Samara region, Tolyatti (“Zhiguli Valley”)
7. Moscow region (until construction is underway - candidate for participation in the program)
8. Tambov region (on the conditions of autonomous development - without the allocation of federal funds
Specialization of Technoparks
We will understand the concepts
To refer to high-tech parks, there are several similar terms: science park, technology park, research park. Wikipedia leads them as equals. Their use depends, rather, on the region: in Germany - Technology park, in England - Science Park, in the USA - Research park, in France - Technopole, etc.
Are technoparks spread around the world?
According to WAINOVA Atlas of Innovation, in 1,500 countries of the world there are 1,500 technology parks and about 1,000 more innovation centers. About 350,000 companies are their residents.
')
The role and purpose of Technoparks
Technoparks are, above all, a locomotive, the core of the region's innovative development. The main goal of Technoparks is to increase the welfare of the region by creating the conditions for the commercialization of knowledge and technology.
Technoparks unite large technology companies and start-ups, universities and investment companies in one territory, form an active business environment and provide platforms and infrastructure for innovation activities.
Thus, Technoparks contribute to technology transfer, the creation of highly paid jobs, develop a culture of innovation and entrepreneurship.
To achieve these goals, according to the International Association of Scientific Parks IASP, Technopark:
• Manages the flow of knowledge and technology between universities, developers, companies and the market.
• Facilitates the creation of innovative companies through the incubation process (start-ups, spinoffs, etc.)
• Provides all necessary services , including quality premises and work spaces.
Technopark Models
Technoparks today are very diverse: in size, and by type of ownership, and by specialization.
Every 15-20 years, a new model of Technopark development appears (however, many Technoparks continue to work on the old models). In the 2000s, “III Generation” Technoparks were actively distributed. Now they are waiting for the fourth generation, but how it will be is not yet clear.
I - 50-70 years (Such technology parks dominate now). Science Pull. Technoparks at universities.
II - 80-90 years. Market Push. Companies began to think about the development of technology from universities and began to make industry technoparks. Provision of rental space and complex support services for innovative businesses.
III - 2000. Interactive "local flows" Technoparks become organizational structures.
They combine both previous ones and replaces the “linear model” of innovation with a network of interactions: university — business - power.
For a modern Technopark model, several components are considered important:
• Strong scientific and industrial base
• Availability of funding (mainly venture)
• Presence of entrepreneurs (startups, spinoffs)
• Network of relationships built on trust, on an individual level.
• Opportunities for interaction between universities, business, government, other structures.
Benefits for residents of Technoparks:
• Higher return on investment in development (lower cost, higher efficiency)
• Compliance of infrastructure with specific needs of technology companies.
• Maximum research activity, concentration of developers and services
Technoparks in Russia ( according to the Ministry of Communications and Mass Media ).
Technoparks in numbers:
291 resident company
6538 jobs
138 thousand square meters - the total area of ​​technoparks commissioned
6 billion rubles - expenses of the federal budget in 2007-2010.
3 billion rubles - extrabudgetary investments in 2009-2010.
36 billion rubles. - revenue of resident companies for 2007-2011.
6.089 billion rubles - the volume of federal subsidies in 2011-2014.
Dynamics of total revenue:
2009 - 7 billion., 2010 - 14 billion., 2011 - 15 billion.
Built by:
1. "West Siberian Innovation Center" in the Tyumen region
2. IT park in Kazan
3. The first stage of the Himgrad technopolis in Kazan
4. Akademgorodok in Novosibirsk
5. Kuzbass Technopark in Kemerovo (built only Business Incubator)
6. Mordovia (buildings built, commissioning works are underway)
Build:
1. Kaluga region (“Obninsk)
2. Nizhny Novgorod Region (IT Park Ankudinovka)
3. St. Petersburg ("Ingria")
4. Penza region (“Technopark of high technologies”)
5. Republic of Tatarstan, Naberezhnye Chelny (branch of Kazan IT Park)
6. Samara region, Tolyatti (“Zhiguli Valley”)
7. Moscow region (until construction is underway - candidate for participation in the program)
8. Tambov region (on the conditions of autonomous development - without the allocation of federal funds
Specialization of Technoparks
Source: https://habr.com/ru/post/144368/
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