Automatic installation of FreeBSD 8.2-RELEASE on ZFS

We all know that from time to time it is very rare, almost never, but a situation arises in which an unplanned reset or power failure of the FreeBSD server causes the download to stop with the persistent demand to start fsck by hand. It happens that the server has been bored, the admin has not visited him for a long time, and what a full moon can, but this phenomenon occurs in nature. The time has come, I think, to move to ZFS - the people recommend, the beta test stage has long passed, disk space is not wasted, and ... ZFS does not need the fsck utility to check the integrity of the file system (!). Having studied mana, wiki, lissaru, he came to the conclusion that it is necessary to pierce, brush and lacquer in some places with a rasp and go to the masses. Indeed, the process, compared to the standard sysinstall, is somewhat difficult, but fast as never before - 2 minutes and the server with the root partition on ZFS is ready.

Yes, of course, we will not run with our hands the whole pack of commands that we recommend to run, and we will not bother with sysinstall, but we will create an automatic installation script that we will run from Fixit mode. To do this, you need a DVD or USBstick installation option, the server where the script is stored (available via ssh).
The installation process looks like this: boot, select the Fixit - CD / DVD mode, hang the IP on the network card and run the script:

Fixit # ifconfig em0 192.168.1.100/24
Fixit # ssh user@192.168.1.1 'cat / opt / script / zfs-init' | sh

Now turn to the contents of the script, it should do the following:
1. Mark the disk (GPT - boot, swap0, disk0)
2. Create a ZFS pool (/ root, / tmp, / usr, / var, / opt) - the / root partition was made separately, it can also be limited in size
3. Throw a fryahu with minimal configs to start on ZFS

A script on the shell, just a list of commands in a certain sequence. At the beginning of the script, change the variables dev (disk), iface (network card), tank (ZFS pool name), hostname (host name), tz (timezone). Here he is:

1. #! / bin / sh
3. # Wars
4. dev = da0
5. tank = tank
6. iface = em0
7. hostname = core.domain.com
8. tz = "Europe / Kiev"
10. # gpart
11. gpart create -s GPT $ dev
12. gpart add -s 64K -t freebsd-boot $ dev
13. gpart add -s 2G -t freebsd-swap -l swap0 $ dev
14. gpart add -t freebsd-zfs -l disk0 $ dev
16. gpart bootcode -b / mnt2 / boot / pmbr -p / mnt2 / boot / gptzfsboot -i 1 $ dev
18. sysctl kern.geom.debugflags = 0x10
20. # install ZFS
21. kldload / mnt2 / boot / kernel / opensolaris.ko
22. kldload / mnt2 / boot / kernel / zfs.ko
24. mkdir / boot / zfs
25. #rere ZFS pool
26. zpool create -f $ tank / dev / gpt / disk0
27. zfs set mountpoint = none $ tank
29. zfs set atime = off $ tank
30. zfs set checksum = fletcher4 $ tank
31. zfs create -o compression = off -o exec = on $ tank / root
32. zfs set mountpoint = / $ tank $ tank / root
33. zpool set bootfs = $ tank / root $ tank
34. zfs create -o compression = on -o exec = on -o setuid = off $ tank / tmp
35. zfs set mountpoint = / $ tank / tmp $ tank / tmp
36. zfs create $ tank / usr
37. zfs set mountpoint = / $ tank / usr $ tank / usr
38. zfs create $ tank / var
39. zfs set mountpoint = / $ tank / var $ tank / var
40. zfs create -o compression = off -o setuid = off $ tank / opt
41. zfs set mountpoint = / $ tank / opt $ tank / opt
43. cd / $ tank ; ln -s / usr / home home && cd -
44. mkdir / $ tank / var / tmp
45. chmod 1777 / $ tank / var / tmp / $ tank / tmp
47. # install base system
48. cd / dist / 8.2 - *
49. export DESTDIR = / $ tank
50. for dir in base catpages dict doc info lib32 manpages; do ( cd $ dir ; echo "y" | . / install.sh ) ; done
51. cd src; . / install.sh all
52. cd .. / kernels; . / install.sh generic
53. cd / $ tank / boot; cp -Rlp GENERIC / * / $ tank / boot / kernel /
55. # install base configs
56. cat << EOF > / $ tank / etc / rc.conf
57. zfs_enable = "YES"
58. hostname = " $ hostname "
59. ifconfig_ $ iface = "DHCP"
60. sshd_enable = "YES"
61. ntpd_enable = "YES"
62. ntpd_program = "/ usr / sbin / ntpd"
63. ntpd_flags = "-p /var/run/ntpd.pid -f /var/db/ntpd.drift"
64. EOF
66. cat << EOF > / $ tank / etc / ntp.conf
67. server 82.207.71.6 iburst maxpoll 9
68. server 91.198.10.4 iburst maxpoll 9
69. server 79.142.192.4 iburst maxpoll 9
70. server 193.193.193.107 iburst maxpoll 9
71. EOF
73. echo 'zfs_load = "YES"' > / $ tank / boot / loader.conf
74. echo "vfs.root.mountfrom = \" zfs: $ tank / root \ " " >> / $ tank / boot / loader.conf
76. cp / mnt2 / usr / share / zoneinfo / $ tz / $ tank / etc / localtime
77. cp / boot / zfs / zpool.cache / $ tank / boot / zfs / zpool.cache
79. cat << EOF > / $ tank / etc / fstab
80. # Device Mountpoint FStype Options Dump Pass #
81. / dev / gpt / swap0 none swap sw 0 0
82. procfs / proc procfs rw 0 0
83. EOF
85. export LD_LIBRARY_PATH = / mnt2 / lib
87. cd /
89. # correct ZFS mount points and quotas
90. zfs unmount -a
91. zfs set mountpoint = / opt $ tank / opt
92. zfs set quota = 1G $ tank / tmp && zfs set mountpoint = / tmp $ tank / tmp
93. zfs set quota = 5G $ tank / usr && zfs set mountpoint = / usr $ tank / usr
94. zfs set quota = 10G $ tank / var && zfs set mountpoint = / var $ tank / var
95. zfs set quota = 512m $ tank / root && zfs set mountpoint = legacy $ tank / root

While the script is running, you do not need to touch the keyboard, after finishing just restart the server, and log in with root without a password.

Materials: RootOnZFS / GPTZFSBoot , Installing FreeBSD using ZFS as the main one .
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Good luck